棉油酸皂复合捕收剂浮选分离磷矿中石英和白云石  

Separation of quartz and dolomite from apatite by flotation using a compound collector based on cottonseed acidulated soap

作　　者：阮耀阳[1] 王传利 罗惠华[1] 徐伟 陶安宇 池汝安[1] 邓博纳 Ruan Yaoyang;Wang Chuanli;Luo Huihua;Xu Wei;Tao Anyu;Chi Ru'an;Deng Bona(Wuhan Institute of Technology,School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Wuhan Hubei 430073,China;State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low Grade Phosphate Rock and Associated Resources,Guiyang Guizhou 550002,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学资源与安全工程学院,湖北武汉430073 [2]中低品位磷矿及其共伴生资源高效利用国家重点实验室,贵州贵阳550002

出　　处：《化工矿物与加工》2022年第10期9-14,共6页Industrial Minerals & Processing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(52004185);中低品位磷矿及其共伴生资源高效利用国家重点实验室开放课题(WFKF2020-02);武汉工程大学校内科学研究基金(K201933)。

摘　　要：脂肪酸皂复合捕收剂常用于磷矿浮选以脱除脉石矿物石英和白云石。采用棉油酸皂复配非离子型表面活性剂NP-4制得的复合捕收剂进行了磷矿浮选试验研究,通过表面张力测试及药剂分子间相互作用计算可知,棉油酸皂复合捕收剂表面张力明显较单一棉油酸皂小,且NP-4对棉油酸皂的活性具有增强作用。混合矿试验结果表明,当矿浆pH为9.5~10.0及4.0~4.5时,可分别实现磷灰石与石英、磷灰石与白云石的有效分离。根据矿物溶解平衡计算可知,磷灰石可浮性与其表面Ca^(2+)浓度有关,当矿浆pH小于5时,H_(2)PO^(-)_(4)优先与磷灰石表面的Ca^(2+)发生化学吸附,导致与阴离子捕收剂结合的活性位点缺失,进而抑制磷灰石上浮。Fatty acid-based compound collector is widely used in flotation of apatite for removal of quartz and dolomite.Experimental study on flotation of apatite was carried out using a compound collector prepared with a blend of cottonseed acidulated soap and nonionic surfactant NP-4.Based on the results of surface tension test and the calculation of the interaction between reagent molecules,it was found that the surface tension of the compound collector was remarkably lower than that of cottonseed acidulated soap only,because surfactant NP-4 enhanced the activity of cottonseed acidulated soap.The test results from flotation of the ore mixture indicate that apatite can be effectively separated from quartz at pulp pH 9.5~10.0 and from dolomite at pulp pH 4.0~4.5 respectively.The equilibrium of dissolved mineral species demonstrates that the floatability of apatite is dependent on the concentration of calcium ion on the mineral surfaces.When the pulp pH is lower than 5,chemical adsorption H_(2)PO^(-)_(4)with calcium ions takes place preferentially on the surface of apatite,resulting in the missing of active sites for apatite to bind with anionic collector,thereby depressing the apatite from floating.

关 键 词：浮选 磷灰石 棉油酸皂 复合捕收剂 石英 白云石 

分 类 号：TD971[矿业工程—选矿]