近60a黄土高原地区降水集中度与集中期时空变化特征  

Temporal and spatial variations of precipitation concentration degree and precipitation concentration period on the Loess Plateau from 1960 to 2019

作　　者：安彬 肖薇薇 朱妮 刘宇峰 AN Bin;XIAO Weiwei;ZHU Ni;LIU Yufeng(School of Tourism&Environment/Academician and Expert Workstation of Shanxi Province,Ankang University,Ankang 725000,Shaanxi,China;Engineering Technology Research Center for Water Resource Protection and Utilization of Hanjiang River,Ankang 725000,Shaanxi,China;College of Resource&Environment and Historical Culture,Xianyang Normal University,Xianyang 712000,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]安康学院旅游与资源环境学院/陕西省院士专家工作站,陕西安康725000 [2]安康市汉江水资源保护与利用工程技术研究中心,陕西安康725000 [3]咸阳师范学院资源环境与历史文化学院,陕西咸阳712000

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2022年第5期1333-1344,共12页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：陕西省科技厅项目(2021KRM033);安康市科技局项目(AK2021-SF-04);安康学院校内专项项目(2021AYKFKT03)。

摘　　要：全球气候变暖背景下,厘清黄土高原地区降水集中度(PCD)和集中期(PCP)时空变化规律,对该区水土保持及水资源利用具有重要意义。基于1960—2019年黄土高原地区55个气象站点逐日降水观测资料,利用趋势分析、空间插值、相关分析等方法,分析了近60 a及退耕还林(草)工程前后黄土高原PCD与PCP时空变化特征。结果表明:(1)1960—2019年黄土高原年均降水量呈减少趋势,年均PCD逐渐减弱、PCP逐渐提前。(2)黄土高原地区年均降水量和PCD自东南向西北递减,PCP自东向西逐渐递减,但差异不大。PCD变化趋势自东北向西南呈“下降-上升-下降”相间分布,PCP表现出东部推迟、西部提前的态势。(3)退耕还林(草)工程后,黄土高原年均降水量增加、PCD减弱、PCP推迟。降水量自东向西呈“偏少-偏多”相间分布,其变化趋势以偏多为主;PCD自东北向西南呈“偏低-偏高-偏低”分布规律,其变化趋势以偏低为主;PCP以偏高为主,偏高幅度呈南多北少、东多西少态势,其趋势变化也以偏多为主。(4)1960—2019年黄土高原地区PCD、PCP与年降水量皆以正相关为主。With global warming as a foundation,it is significantly important that the law of precipitation concentration degree(PCD)and precipitation concentration period(PCP)changes for the Loess Plateau are clarified for the conservation of regional soil and water and utilization of water resources.Based on the daily precipitation observation data compiled from 55 meteorological stations on the Loess Plateau from 1960 to 2019,the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of PCD and PCP on the Loess Plateau in the last 60 years,along with before and after the project of returning farmland to forest(grassland),were analyzed using trend analysis,spatial interpolation,and correlation analysis.The average annual precipitation,PCD,and PCI on the Loess Plateau had a decreasing(downward)trend from 1960 to 2019 according to the results.In addition,the PCD gradually weakened,and the PCI shifted to an earlier date.The spatial distribution characteristics of annual precipitation,PCD and PCI on the Loess Plateau were complex.Annual precipitation and the PCD decreased from southeast to northwest,while PCP gradually decreased from east to west.However,the difference was not significant.The variation trend of the PCP had an alternating distribution law of“decline rise decline”from northeast to southwest.Overall,the PCP had a trend of delaying in the east and advancing in the west.After the project of returning farmland to forest(grassland)was completed,the average annual precipitation increased,the PCD weakened,and the PCP was postponed.The precipitation on the Loess Plateau is distributed alternately from east to west,and its change trend is mainly more.The distribution law of PCD is“low high low”from northeast to southwest,and its variation trend is mainly low.The PCP is mainly on the high side,and the range of the high side is more in the south than the north and more in the east than the west,and the trend change is mainly on the high side.The PCD,PCI,and annual precipitation in the Loess Plateau are mainly positively co

关 键 词：降水集中度(PCD) 降水集中期(PCP) 退耕还林(草)工程 生态分区 黄土高原 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]