第二代生物柴油制备的多相催化剂的结构设计及研究进展  

Structural Design and Research Progress of Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Preparation of Second Generation Biodiesel

作　　者：田钊炜 达伟民 王雷[1] 杨宇森 卫敏[1] Tian Zhaowei;Da Weimin;Wang Lei;Yang Yusen;Wei Min(State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering,College of Chemistry,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学化学学院,化工资源有效利用国家重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《化学学报》2022年第9期1322-1337,共16页Acta Chimica Sinica

基　　金：北京自然科学基金(No.2212012);国家自然科学基金(Nos.22172006,21521005,22102006);国家重点研发计划(No.2021YFC2103501);中央高校基本科研业务费(No.XK1803-05)资助。

摘　　要：生物柴油是一种重要的可再生清洁能源,特别是经催化加氢脱氧等系列过程制备的第二代生物柴油,在成分上与石油基燃料相似,有望成为一种替代传统化石燃料的绿色能源.在合成第二代生物柴油的研究中,设计与制备兼具高活性与高稳定性的加氢脱氧多相催化剂是关键问题.近年来,研究者对于催化剂的种类与应用进行了探索,并取得了一定的进展.详细分析了加氢脱氧制备第二代生物柴油反应原料及反应参数、反应器对生产路径和产能的影响,并对反应机理进行了介绍;进一步从双金属位点、金属-酸性位点及金属-空位协同作用三个方面对催化剂结构设计进行了讨论和分析;最后,对第二代生物柴油领域的未来发展趋势进行了展望.Biodiesel is an important renewable and clean energy,especially the second-generation of biodiesel prepared by a series of processes such as catalytic hydrodeoxygenation.It is similar to petroleum-based fuels in composition,and is expected to become a green energy alternative to traditional fossil fuels.In the study of the synthesis of the second generation of biodiesel,the design and preparation of hydrodeoxygenation heterogeneous catalysts with high activity and stability are the key issues.In recent years,many studies have been reported on the types and applications of catalysts,and some research progress has been made.The effects of reaction materials,reaction parameters and reactor on the production path and capacity of the second generation biodiesel prepared by hydrodeoxygenation were surveyed in detail,and the reaction mechanism was introduced.Then regulation strategies of hydrodeoxygenation catalysts are discussed and analyzed from three aspects:bimetallic sites,metal-acidic sites and metal-vacancy synergistic effect.In the final section,future development opportunities and challenges for the second-generation biodiesel are prospected.

关 键 词：生物质 生物柴油 加氢脱氧 多相催化剂 协同作用 

分 类 号：O643.36[理学—物理化学] TE667[理学—化学]