老龄化背景下农村老年人养老保障满意度评价及影响因素  

Satisfaction Evaluation and Influencing Factors of Rural Elderly Pension Security in the Background of Aging

作　　者：胡扬名[1] 彭嘉雯 Hu Yangming(School of Public Administration and Law,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学公共管理与法学学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《中国卫生事业管理》2022年第9期672-677,683,共7页Chinese Health Service Management

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“基于供需匹配的智慧养老服务精准管理模式研究”(20AGL035)。

摘　　要：目的:根据农村老年人对养老保障满意度的评价探究分析其具体影响因素,助力农村养老保障制度的完善。方法:基于2019年中国社会综合调查数据对我国149个市、县、区的596个村的1421份农村老年人问卷数据,运用有序多分类Logistic模型,分别从个人因素、家庭因素、制度保障因素、社会支持因素4个层面分析其与农村老年人养老保障满意度的关系。结果:农村老年人养老保障满意度整体处于中上水平;性别、社会经济地位、耕地面积、家庭关系满意度、养老保险参与情况、养老保障待遇公平性、政府提供社会保障的工作水平、社会信任水平、社交生活满意度、文体休闲满意度对农村老年人养老保障满意度均有显著影响。结论:为更好提升农村老年人养老保障满意度,应从个人、家庭、制度保障、社会支持等方面精准施策,充分考虑不同性别,不同层次老年人的个性化需求,积极促进城乡养老保障均等化,注重良好家庭氛围的营造和维护;不断深化改革,加强农村地区养老保障制度建设;重视社会支持因素,构建互助互信、和谐友好的养老环境。Objective To analyze the satisfaction on pension security of the rural elderly and its influencing factors, and improve the rural old-age security system. Methods Based on Chinese society comprehensive survey data of 149 cities and counties in 2019, data of 1421 rural elderly were analyzed with orderly classification Logistic model, from four aspects of personal factors, family factors, system security and social support factors. Results the satisfaction on pension security of the rural elderly was above the average level. Gender, socioeconomic status, cultivated land area, satisfaction of family relationship, participation of endowment insurance, fairness of endowment insurance treatment, level of social security provided by the government, social trust level, satisfaction of social life and satisfaction of sports and leisure have significant impact on satisfaction of the rural elderly. Conclusion To better improve the satisfaction of the rural elderly, it is necessary to take precise measures from the aspects of individuals, families, institutional security and social support, fully consider the personalized needs of the elderly of different genders and different levels, actively promote the equalization of urban and rural old-age security, pay attention to the creation and maintenance of a good family environment, keep to deepen reform and strengthen the construction of old-age security system in rural areas, attach importance to social support factors, and build mutual-trust, harmonious and friendly pension environment.

关 键 词：老龄化 养老保障 满意度 农村老年人 有序多分类Logistic模型 

分 类 号：C913.7[经济管理]