不同开采工况诱发边坡变形与时效稳定性分析  

Analysis on slope deformation and aging stability induced by different mining conditions

作　　者：王文才 李俊鹏 王创业 陈世江 王鹏 李仕璋 WANG Wencai;LI Junpeng;WANG Chuangye;CHEN Shijiang;WANG Peng;LI Shizhang(Institute of Mining,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou Inner Mongolia 014010,China;Shandong Lubi Building Materials Co.,Ltd.,Ji′nan Shandong 271104,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学矿业与煤炭学院,内蒙古包头014010 [2]山东鲁碧建材有限公司,山东济南271104

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2022年第S01期72-78,共7页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(52064043,51764044,51464036);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金资助(2020MS05010);内蒙古自治区科学技术厅项目(20180823);包头市科技计划项目(2019Z3004-8)。

摘　　要：为解决露天端帮开采中边坡失稳问题,通过相似模拟和数值模拟方法建立不同开采工况的边坡结构模型,结合雷达监测系统分析不同开采工况下边坡原岩结构、稳定性劣化与时效稳定性之间的关系。结果表明:露天开采过程可分为开采初期、开采中期、开采终止3个阶段,直至开采终止边坡存在局部变形破坏现象,稳定性较好;端帮上层煤开采可分为表生改造、结构改造和时效变形3个阶段。表生改造阶段,边坡岩体围绕采空区形成变形,未对边坡形成扰动;结构改造阶段,会形成悬臂梁和固支梁结构,2种结构交替变化,使顶板上方破坏区呈半蝶型向边坡岩体上部扩展;时效变形阶段,受垮落岩体支撑边坡变形破坏未持续向上扩展,但存在竖向裂隙的延展,边坡稳定性较好,最终变形破坏呈金字塔状;端帮下煤层开采使的上下采空区形成贯通,边坡发生向采空区方向的失稳;露采后边坡时效变形分3个阶段,初期舒缓、中期加速、后期平稳,端帮上煤层开采后边坡时效变形分为加速移动和稳态移动2个阶段,这2个阶段随时间变化边坡稳定性均较好。In order to solve the problem of slope instability in open-pit end mining,this paper establishes slope structure models under different mining conditions through similarity simulation and numerical simulation methods,and combines the radar monitoring system to analyze the relationship between the original rock structure,stability deterioration and aging stability of slope under different mining conditions.The results show that the process of open-pit mining can be divided into three stages:the initial stage of mining,the middle stage of mining and the end of mining.The slope has local deformation and failure phenomenon until the end of mining,and the stability is good.The upper coal mining of the end wall can be divided into three stages:supergene transformation,structural transformation and aging deformation.In the supergene transformation stage,the slope′s rock mass deforms around the goaf and does not disturb the slope.In the stage of structural transformation,cantilever beam and fixedly supported beam structures will be formed,and the two structures will change alternately,so that the failure zone above the roof will expand to the upper part of the slope rock mass in a semi-butterfly shape.In the aging deformation stage,the deformation and failure of the slope supported by the caved rock mass do not extend upward continuously,but there are vertical cracks extending,the slope stability is good,and the final deformation and failure are pyramid-shaped.The upper and lower goaf are connected by the coal seam mining under the end wall,and the slope is unstable toward the goaf.The aging deformation of the slope after open mining can be divided into three stages,the initial stage is slow,the middle stage is accelerated,and the late stage is stable.The aging deformation of the slope after coal seam mining on the end wall can be divided into two stages,namely,the accelerated movement stage and the steady movement stage.

关 键 词：露天天采 开采工况 边坡变形 时效稳定性 数值模拟 

分 类 号：X936[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TD327[矿业工程—矿井建设]