大型FPSO应急关断系统设计研究  

Design and Research of Emergency Shutdown System for Large FPSOs

作　　者：刘国贞 LIU Guozhen(COSCO(Shanghai)Shipyard Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200231,China)

机构地区：[1]上海中远船务工程有限公司,上海200231

出　　处：《船舶》2022年第5期113-121,共9页Ship & Boat

摘　　要：该文以巴西国家石油公司30万吨级FPSO为依托、以中央控制系统总体架构为切入点,着重阐述应急关断系统的配置、关断逻辑和主要功能特性。根据巴西国家石油公司海上生产装置安全设计规则,在设定安全关断层级、火气分区的基础上,创新研发出一套适合巴西海域大型浮式生产设施的安全关断系统因果逻辑,结合全船各系统和海上生产实践,关断原因尽可能考虑周全、火气表决逻辑清晰,逐一阐述各级关断结果中需要切断的设备和系统,并首次引入风闸分区相关的关断理念。火气关断和应急关断的核心目的,是使其关断结果对FPSO上部工艺流程的影响最小,并能最大限度保证人员安全和生产的连续进行。文章最后总结了此关断方法不同于传统FPSO应急关断系统设计的特点。The overall architecture of the central control system on a 300,000 DWT floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) unit of Petrobras has been taken as the starting point,focusing on the configuration,shutdown logic,main functions and characteristics of its emergency shutdown (ESD) system.According to the safety design rules for the offshore production installation unit of Petrobras,a set of causal logic of safety shutdown system suitable for large FPSO units in the Brazilian sea has been creatively developed on the basis of setting the safety shutdown level and the fire and gas zoning.Combing with the systems of the whole ship and the field production and operation practices,the causes of shutdown should be considered as thoroughly as possible,with clear fire and gas voting logic.The equipment and systems that need to be cut off in the shutdown results at all levels are described one by one,introducing the concept of damper zoning for the first time.The major purpose of the fire and gas shutdown and the emergency shutdown is to minimize the impact of shutdown results on the topside process of the FPSO,and to maximize the safety of personnel and the continuous production.The characteristics of this shutdown method different from the design of traditional FPSO ESD system are summarized at the end.

关 键 词：大型浮式生产储油卸油装置 风闸分区 应急关断 火气关断 关断逻辑 关断等级 火气探测 

分 类 号：U665.14[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]