不同比例全株玉米与高粱混贮对青贮发酵品质的影响  

Effect of different proportions of whole corn and sorghum mixed storage on fermentation quality of silage

作　　者：王思伟[1,2] 刘高坤 李魁英 王雅晶[3] 张新同 卢金河[4] 王昆[1,2] WANG Si-wei;LIU Gao-kun;LI Kui-ying;WANG Ya-jing;ZHANG Xin-tong;LU Jin-he;WANG Kun

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所,河北石家庄050035 [2]河北省作物栽培与绿色生产实验室,河北石家庄050035 [3]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [4]石家庄水务投资集团有限责任公司,河北石家庄05000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2022年第17期111-114,共4页Feed Research

基　　金：河北省省级科技计划(项目编号:205676108H);河北省农林科学院科技创新专项课题(项目编号:2022KJCXZX-LYS-19)。

摘　　要：试验旨在探究不同比例全株玉米与高粱混贮对青贮发酵品质和营养价值的影响,确定全株玉米与高粱青贮的适宜混合比例。试验共设5组,其中3个混贮组,2个单贮组。混贮组全株玉米与全株高粱按3∶1(YG31)、1∶1(YG11)、1∶3(YG13)比例分别混合,单贮组为全株青贮玉米(YG10)和全株高粱单独青贮(YG01),每组3个重复。发酵期60 d。结果显示:与单贮相比,玉米与高粱混贮能够不同程度地提高青贮感官评分与发酵品质,YG31的综合评分显著高于YG10、YG01(P<0.05),pH值显著低于YG10(P<0.05),乳酸/总酸显著高于YG01(P<0.05)。与YG10相比,YG31、YG11的干物质、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维含量显著降低(P<0.05),而相对饲喂质量(RFQ)显著升高(P<0.05)。随着混合青贮中高粱比例增加,青贮饲料有氧稳定性呈先减后增再减的趋势。YG31青贮的有氧稳定性显著低于YG13(P<0.05)。研究表明,全株玉米与高粱混合青贮能够不同程度地改善青贮饲料发酵品质和营养价值,其适宜混贮比例为3∶1~1∶1。The experiment was to explore the effect of different proportions of whole plant corn and sorghum mixed storage on the quality of fermentation and nutrition of silage,and to determine the appropriate mixing ratio of whole plant corn and sorghum used as silage.A total of five treatments were set up in experiment,including three mixed storage groups and two single storage groups.Whole plant corn and whole plant sorghum were mixed in ratio of 3∶1(YG31),1∶1(YG11),1∶3(YG13),respectively in mixed storage group,whole plant silage corn(YG10)and whole plant sorghum silaged alone(YG01)in single storage group,with three replicates in each group.The fermentation period was 60 d.The results showed that compared with single storage,maize and sorghum mixed storage could improve the sensory score and fermentation quality of silage in different degrees.The comprehensive score of YG31 was significantly higher than that of YG10 and YG01(P<0.05),the pH was significantly lower than that of YG10(P<0.05),and lactic acid/total acid ratio was significantly higher than that of YG01(P<0.05).Compared with YG10 treatment,the content of dry matter,ether extract and neutral detergent fiber of YG31 and YG11 were significantly decreased(P<0.05),while the relative feeding quality(RFQ)was significantly increased(P<0.05).With the increase of sorghum ratio in mixed silage,the aerobic stability of silage decreased first,then increased,and then decreased.The aerobic stability of silage in YG31 treatment group was significantly lower than that in YG13 treatment group(P<0.05).The experiment indicates that the mixed silage of whole plant maize and whole plant sorghum can improve the fermentation quality and nutritional value of silage in different degrees,and the suitable mixed silage ratio is 3∶1~1∶1.

关 键 词：全株玉米 全株高粱 混合青贮 发酵品质 营养价值 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]