中国樱桃杂交F1代花和果实若干性状遗传倾向分析  

Inheritance Trend of Flower and Fruit Traits in F1 Progenies of Chinese Cherry

作　　者：王燕[1,2] 刘针杉[1,2] 张静 杨鹏飞[1,2] 马蓝[1,2] 王旨意 涂红霞 杨绍凤 王浩 陈涛 王小蓉[1,2] WANG Yan;LIU Zhenshan;ZHANG Jing;YANG Pengfei;MA Lan;WANG Zhiyi;TU Hongxia;YANG Shaofeng;WANG Hao;CHEN Tao;WANG Xiaorong(Institute of Pomology and Olericulture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;College of Horticulture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;College of Life Science,Sichuan Agricultural University,Yaan,Sichuan 625014,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学果蔬研究所,成都611130 [2]四川农业大学园艺学院,成都611130 [3]四川农业大学生命科学学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《园艺学报》2022年第9期1853-1865,共13页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：四川省青年科技创新研究团队项目(2019JDTD0010);国家自然科学基金项目(31801826;31672114);四川省科技资源共享服务平台项目;四川省科技创新苗子工程项目(2021065);成都市技术创新研发项目(2022-YF05-0107-SN);四川农业大学大学生创新训练计划项目(202110626077)。

摘　　要：为探究中国樱桃花和果实的若干性状在后代中的变异和遗传倾向,对中国樱桃‘红妃’(大果,综合性状优良)和‘蒲江红花’(半野生,小果)杂交F代708株个体的17个花和果实的性状进行了观测和分析。在四川成都,F群体2021年花期为2月7—17日,盛花期为2月12—14日;果实成熟期为3月30日—4月19日,集中在4月5—15日。F代的花蕾、花瓣和果实的颜色遗传变异丰富,其中果实颜色有橙红、红、紫红和黑紫等表型。单果质量、果实纵径、横径、侧径、果形指数、果实可溶性固形物含量以及果柄长度均呈正态分布,广义遗传力为60.12%~84.90%。F代果实质量为1.60~6.37 g,呈变小趋势,变异系数为20.75%,超中亲率和超高亲率分别为28.81%和2.26%。果实可溶性固形物含量为8.38%~20.53%,呈升高趋势,后代超高亲率为47.60%。果实风味总体表现为甜酸、酸甜和甜。果柄长度表现为超亲遗传的倾向,超高亲率为51.13%,更有利于果实采摘、采后储运以及观赏品种的选育。单果质量与果实纵径、横径、侧径均呈极显著正相关,与可溶性固形物含量呈极显著负相关。To explore the heredity variation and inheritance trend of flower and fruit traits in the Fprogenies of Chinese cherry [Cerasus pseudocerasus(Lindl.)G. Don],17 major traits of 708 individuals derived from true hybrids of two distinct cultivars ’Hongfei’ (with large fruit size and excellent comprehensive performance)and ’Pujiang Honghua’ (a semi-wild germplasm with small fruit size)were analyzed. Under the climatic conditions of Chengdu City in Sichuan Province,the blooming date of Fprogenies ranged from 7 to 17 February 2021,and mostly between 12 and 14 February. The fruit mature date started from 30March to 19 April,with high frequency between 5 and 15 April. White,pinkish and pink petal color separation,and orange red,red,purple red and black purple peel color separation occurred in the Fprogenies,showing abundant genetic variation of ornamental phenotypes. Seven important fruit traits,including fruit weight,size,fruit shape index,total soluble solid content and stalk length followed normal distributions,a typical sign of quantitative trait that might be controlled by polygenes. The broad-sense heritability(Hb2)of these traits ranged from 60.12% to 84.90%,and the coefficient of variation(CV)was between 4.77% and 20.75%. The average fruit weight of Fprogenies was 3.71 g(range:1.60–6.37g),smaller than the mid-parent value,with the Hb2 and CV value being 82.50% and 20.75%,respectively.The ratio of individuals with fruit weight higher than high parent(HH)and mid-parent(HM)was 28.81%and 2.26%. Ellipse,reniform,near round,heart and oblateness shape fruits were observed in the offspring.The former three shapes accounted for 32.34%,29.10% and 21.89%,indicating a tendency toward ellipse and round heredity. Total soluble solid(TSS)content,ranging from 8.38% to 20.53% and the mean value of 13.03%,had over high-parent tendency in Fprogenies,with the Hb2 value of 76.77%. 47.60% and 76.13% of individuals were higher than that of high parent and mid-parent respectively. As for fruit flavor,sweet-sour,sour-sweet and

关 键 词：中国樱桃 F1群体 花 果实 性状 遗传倾向 相关性分析 

分 类 号：S662.5[农业科学—果树学]