广西南宁市农村地区居民结核病防治知识健康教育干预效果研究  

Study on the effectiveness of health education intervention on tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge for residents in rural areas of Nanning,Guangxi

作　　者：何秋平 罗娜 唐驰 He Qiuping;Luo Na;Tang Chi(Nanning Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanning 530023,China;Nanning Health Commission,Nanning 530028,China)

机构地区：[1]南宁市疾病预防控制中心,南宁530023 [2]南宁市卫生健康委员会,南宁530028

出　　处：《广西医科大学学报》2022年第9期1479-1485,共7页Journal of Guangxi Medical University

基　　金：南宁科学技术局科技项目重点研发计划(No.20183039-3);广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会自筹课题(No.Z20200542)。

摘　　要：目的:了解广西南宁市农村地区居民结核防治知识知晓情况,评价其健康教育干预效果。方法:在广西南宁市农村地区结核病高发区和低发区分别选取3个乡镇,在开展健康教育前、后分别在每个乡镇采用随机抽样的方法各抽取100名年龄≥15岁常住居民进行结核病核心信息知晓率基线调查和终期调查。结果:本次调查共完成问卷1206份(其中基线调查602份,终期调查604份),总有效问卷共1170份(其中基线调查589份,终期调查581份),问卷总有效率为97.01%。南宁市农村地区居民结核病防治知识总知晓率基线调查为68.72%(3238/4712),终期调查为89.26%(4149/4648)。终期调查结核病防治知识单一核心信息知晓率较基线调查提高,其中“检查/治疗肺结核病是否有免费政策”提升最快,为34.07%,“肺结核病的症状”最慢,仅为12.33%。高发区居民接受健康教育的人员比例低于低发区,高发区居民结核病防治知识知晓率提高比例低于低发区。年龄、民族、文化程度、家庭年收入总知晓率分布比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。居民获取结核病防治知识的主要途径为电视(基线调查:49.12%,终期调查:55.20%)、传单/折页/宣传画(基线调查:48.77%,终期调查:47.40%),希望获取结核病防治知识主要途径为广播/电视/电影/音像材料等(基线调查:57.89%,终期调查:58.86%)、张贴画/宣传栏/板报/展板/墙体标语等(基线调查:42.78%,终期调查:49.05%)。结论:广西南宁市农村地区居民结核病防治知识健康教育干预效果较好,应根据不同人群特点采取有针对性的干预措施,仍可采用传统的健康教育教育模式开展宣传活动。Objective:To understand the knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control among residents in rural areas of Nanning,Guangxi,and to evaluate the effect of health education intervention undertaken.Methods:Three towns were selected in the areas of high and low tuberculosis incidence in rural areas of Nanning,Guangxi,and 100 permanent residents aged≥15 years were selected in each town by random sampling method before and after health education respectively for baseline and final surveys on the knowledge of core information of tuberculosis.Results:A total of 1,206 questionnaires were completed in this survey(602 in the baseline survey and 604in the final survey),with a total of 1,170 valid questionnaires(589 in the baseline survey and 581 in the final survey)and a total effective rate of 97.01%.The total knowledge rate of tuberculosis prevention and treatment among residents in rural areas of Nanning was 68.72%(3,238/4,712)in the baseline survey and 89.26%(4,149/4,648)in the final survey.In the final survey,the knowledge rate of single core information about tuberculosis prevention and treatment increased compared with the baseline survey,among which“whether there is a policy for free tuberculosis examination/treatment”increased the fastest at 34.07%and“symptoms of tuberculosis”was the slowest at 12.33%.The proportion of people receiving health education in high incidence areas was lower than that in low incidence areas,and the proportion of residents’knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and treatment in high incidence areas increased less than that in low incidence areas.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05)when comparing the knowledge rate of populations of different age,ethnicity,education level,and total annual household income.The main ways for residents to obtain knowledge about tuberculosis prevention and treatment were TV(baseline survey:49.12%,final survey:55.20%),leaflets/folders/posters(baseline survey:48.77%,final survey:47.40%),and the main ways they wished to obtain knowle

关 键 词：农村地区 结核病 知晓率 健康教育 

分 类 号：R52[医药卫生—内科学]