贵州娘娘山湿地两种藓类沼泽植物群落组成及其与环境因子的关系  

Plant Community Composition and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors of Two Moss Mires in Niangniang Mountain Wetland

作　　者：杨浚恒 崔海军 石珣珣 郭应 罗金祥 王舒 谭敏 YANG Jun-heng;CUI Hai-jun;SHI Xun-xun;GUO Ying;LUO Jin-xiang;WANG Shu;TAN Min(School of Geography and Toutism,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650224,P.R.China;Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Plateau Wetland Conservation,Restoration and Ecological Services,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650224,P.R.China;Natural Resources Bureau of Panzhou city,Panzhou Guizhou 553537,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学地理与生态旅游学院,云南昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学云南省高原湿地保护修复与生态服务重点实验室,云南昆明650224 [3]盘州市自然资源局,贵州盘州553537

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2022年第5期59-67,88,共10页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：云南省教育厅项目(2019Y0142、2020Y0431);国家自然科学基金(32160272)。

摘　　要：亚热带藓类泥炭沼泽具有涵养水源、生物多样性保育、调节气候等重要生态功能,且具有稀有性、珍贵性、脆弱性等特征。植物群落组成与环境因子的关系研究有助于预测该类型湿地未来气候变化或人为干扰条件下的演变。本研究选择贵州娘娘山湿地泥炭藓沼泽与金发藓沼泽为研究对象,运用排序分析探究两种藓类沼泽植物群落组成的差异及其与环境因子的关系。结果显示:(1)泥炭藓沼泽植物群落分别命名为条穗薹草-泥炭藓群落、箭竹+柳叶箬-泥炭藓群落、柳叶箬-泥炭藓群落,金发藓沼泽植物群落均为毛轴蕨-金发藓群落。PCA结果显示,两种藓类沼泽植物群落主要物种组成具有明显分异。(2)两种藓类沼泽土壤pH值范围3.58~4.56,均为强酸性泥炭土,且泥炭藓沼泽土壤pH值均显著较高。(3)RDA结果显示,对植物群落主要物种组成分异解释达显著水平的环境因子包括土壤pH、重量含水量、容重、有效磷含量、速效钾含量、硝态氮含量、海拔。土壤pH对总方差的解释度为42.52%,占比最高,且土壤pH与重量含水量呈极显著正相关,与容重、有效磷含量分别呈极显著负相关。结果表明,土壤pH、重量含水量、容重、有效磷含量、速效钾含量、硝态氮含量、海拔均与植物群落组成紧密相关,pH可作为关键、代表性因子。本研究结果对于该类型湿地的科学监测及保育与恢复具有一定的启发意义。In this study,Sphagnum mires and Polytrichum mires in Niangniang Mountain wetland were selected as research objects,and ordination analysis was used to explore the difference in plant community composition and its relationship with environmental factors between the two kinds of mosses mires.Results showed that:(1)The communities of the sphagnum mires could be named as community Carex nemostachys-Sphagnum palustre,community Fargesia spathacea+Isachne globosa-Sphagnum palustre,and community Isachne globosa-Sphagnum palustre,respectively.The communities of the Polytrichum mires were both community Pteridium revolutum-Polytrichum commune.The results of PCA showed that there was obvious difference in plant community composition between the two kinds of mosses mires.(2)The pH values of the two kinds of mosses mire soils ranged from 3.58 to 4.56,both of which were highly acidic peat soils,and the pH values of the sphagnum mires soils were significantly higher(P<0.05).(3)The results of RDA showed that environmental factors that could explain the major species composition differentiation between plant communities at a significant level(P<0.05)included soil pH,mass water content,bulk density,available P content,available K content,nitrate N content and altitude.(4)Soil pH explained 42.52%of the total variance,and had the highest proportion.Soil pH had a very significant positive correlation with mass water content,and a very significant negative correlation with bulk density and available P content,respectively.The results indicated that soil pH,mass water content,bulk density,available P content,available K content,nitrate N content and altitude were closely related to the composition of plant communities,and pH could be used as a key and representative factor.The results of this study have certain enlightening significance for the scientific monitoring,conservation and restoration of this type of wetland.

关 键 词：泥炭地 泥炭藓沼泽 金发藓沼泽 植物群落 土壤理化性质 排序分析 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学] S718[农业科学—林学]