植物不同氮素形态配比施肥及其分子机制研究进展  

The Molecular Mechanism of Nitrogen Absorption and Fertilization with Different Nitrogen Form Ratio in Plants:A Review

作　　者：马道承 庞艳萍 田湘 王凌晖[1] MA Dao-cheng;PANG Yan-ping;TIAN Xiang;WANG Ling-hui(Guangxi University,College of Forestry,Nanning Guangxi 530004,P.R.China;Nanning Arboretum,Nanning Guangxi 530031,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学林学院,广西南宁530004 [2]南宁树木园,广西南宁530031

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2022年第5期164-170,共7页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：广西林业科技项目“木本蔬菜赤苍藤林下种植技术研究与示范”(桂林科研[2021]16号),“南宁树木园林下木本蔬菜种植技术研究与示范”(南宁树木园科字2018-1号)。

摘　　要：植物对不同氮素形态(如铵态氮、硝态氮、酰胺态氮)的吸收存在偏好,不同氮素形态对植物生长发育、营养品质等方面的影响也不尽相同。但这些有关植物对不同氮素形态吸收及利用特性的研究结果尚缺乏系统的总结归纳。本文从各类氮素形态的特点入手,归纳总结植物对不同氮素形态的偏好性及其形成的主要原因,然后对不同氮素形态对植物生长、作物产量及品质的影响、植物响应不同氮素形态单施或配施的分子机制进行综述,以期为植物对氮素的吸收及利用机制的研究提供参考。结果发现,植物对不同氮素形态的喜好存在差异,而植物中关于氮吸收及代谢关键基因的作用及调控网络需进行深入、系统的研究。在生产实践层面,应对硝化抑制剂的合理使用、氮高效利用种质资源的深入挖掘及遗传、环境、季节等因素对氮素形态吸收及利用方面进行系统探究。Different nitrogen forms(such as ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen and amide nitrogen)are preferentially absorbed by plants,and different nitrogen forms have different effects on plant growth and nutritional quality.However,these studies on the absorption and utilization characteristics of different nitrogen forms in plants have not been systematically summarized.In this paper,from the analysis on the characteristics of various nitrogen forms,summarizes plants of different nitrogen forms unrael the and the main cause of formation,and then the different forms of nitrogen on plant growth,crop yield and the quality and the influence of plant response to different forms of nitrogen fertilization or with molecular mechanism were reviewed,in order to plant on the research of the mechanism of nitrogen absorption and utilization to provide the reference.The results showed that plants have different preferences for different nitrogen forms,and the roles and regulatory networks of key genes in nitrogen uptake and metabolism in plants need further and systematic study.At the production practice level,the rational use of nitrifying inhibitors,the in-depth excavation of germplasm resources with high efficiency of nitrogen utilization,and the systematic exploration of nitrogen morphological absorption and utilization by genetic,environmental and seasonal factors were carried out.

关 键 词：氮素形态 氮素吸收偏好 植物生长及品质 氮吸收机制 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]