青藏高原东缘川西地区土地利用与景观格局演化研究——以岷江流域为例  

Study on the Evolution of Land Use and Landscape Pattern in Western Sichuan in the Eastern Margin of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau:A Case Study of Minjiang River Basin

作　　者：侯兰功[1] 王晶[1] 刘涛 邓莹佳 HOU Langong;WANG Jing;LIU Tao;DENG Yingjia(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学土木工程与建筑学院,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《西南科技大学学报》2022年第3期29-37,82,共10页Journal of Southwest University of Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江省科技厅软科学课题(2018C35063);浙江省哲学社会科学规划重点课题(19NDJC003Z)。

摘　　要：分析与测度地形过渡区土地利用与景观格局演化,揭示其空间演化规律,可为优化空间格局、生态环境保护提供理论依据。以2000年、2010年和2019年3期影像数据为基础,运用GIS,RS技术、土地利用模型及景观格局指数,揭示了青藏高原东缘川西地区土地利用在数量、空间上的演化特征及景观格局时空分布特征:(1)随高程、坡度增加以及阳坡转向阴坡,以人类活动主导的建设用地、耕地等用地类型逐渐过渡为以自然为主导的林草地。随时间变化,耕地和建设用地在各地形梯度分别呈减少和增加趋势,耕地、林草地梯度在低海拔、低坡度区域呈下降趋势,建设用地梯度呈相反趋势。(2)2000-2019年耕地、林地和草地面积均呈现减少趋势,水域和建设用地面积增加,而未利用地呈先减后增的状态,且建设用地、水域及未利用地变动速率较快。(3)2000-2019年土地利用变化以稳定型为主,其次为前期变化型、后期变化型,变化型面积占比最少。(4)2000-2019年研究区斑块破碎化程度升高、景观形状不规则,景观蔓延度、聚合度下降,景观多样性均匀度增加,土地利用变化对景观格局指数分布影响较大。The analysis and measurement of land use and landscape pattern evolution in topographic transition area can not only reveal its spatial evolution law,but also provide theoretical basis for optimizing spatial pattern and ecological environment protection.Based on the image data of 2000,2010 and 2019,and the technologies of GIS and RS,the land use model and landscape pattern index were used to reveal the quantitative and spatial evolution characteristics of land use and the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of landscape pattern in the study area.The results are as follows:With the increase of elevation and slope and the change from sunny slope to shady slope,the land types of construction land,cultivated land and water area dominated by human activities have gradually changed to forest and grass land dominated by nature.With the change of time,the gradient of cultivated land and construction land decreased and increased,respectively.The gradient of cultivated land,forest and grass land decreased at low altitude and low slope,and the gradient of construction land showed the opposite trend;From 2000 to 2019,the area of cropland,forest land and grassland decreased,while the area of water area and construction land increased,and the unused land decreased first and then increased,as well as the change rates of construction land,water area and unused land were faster;The primary type of land use change from 2000 to 2019 was stable type,followed by early change and late change type,and the proportion of the changed type was the least;From 2000 to 2019,patch fragmentation degree increased,landscape shape was irregular,landscape sprawl degree and aggregation degree decreased,and landscape diversity evenness increased,and land use change had a great impact on the distribution of landscape pattern index.

关 键 词：地形过渡带 土地利用变化 景观格局 时空演化 岷江流域 

分 类 号：TU982.2[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]