东印度洋海域风和降雨对环境噪声的影响  

Effects of wind and rainfall on ambient noise in the East Indian Ocean

作　　者：柳云峰 李整林 秦继兴[1] 吴双林 王梦圆[1] 周江涛 Liu Yun-Feng;Li Zheng-Lin;Qin Ji-Xing;Wu Shuang-Lin;Wang Meng-Yuan;Zhou Jiang-Tao(State Key Laboratory of Acoustics,Institute of Acoustics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Physical Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Ocean Engineering and Technology,Sun Yat-Sen University,Zhuhai 519000,China;Mailbox 5111,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院声学研究所,声场声信息国家重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学物理学院,北京100190 [3]中山大学海洋工程与技术学院,珠海519000 [4]北京5111信箱,北京100094

出　　处：《物理学报》2022年第20期146-157,共12页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(批准号:2018YFC0308600);国家自然科学基金(批准号:11874061);中国科学院青年创新促进会资助的课题。

摘　　要：海面风和降雨对海洋环境噪声影响显著,利用海洋环境噪声模型结合风速和降雨率参数可对环境噪声谱级进行预报.本文研究了东印度洋海域环境噪声特性,分析了海面风速和降雨率对海洋环境噪声的影响规律,结果表明没有降雨时高频段噪声谱级与风速的相关系数可达0.59,存在降雨时高频段噪声谱级和降雨率的相关系数可达0.85,强降雨可使高频段环境噪声谱级增大6 dB以上.同时修正了风生噪声源级公式使其适用于东印度洋深海环境,修正后模型预报强降雨噪声谱级与实验数据整体误差在2 dB以内.利用小范围降雨噪声数据对模型进行验证时发现,在小范围降雨时噪声源模型采用海面非均匀降雨噪声源,比采用均匀噪声源的计算结果更加准确.修正后的风生及降雨噪声模型对东印度洋海洋环境噪声特性预报具有重要意义.The wind speed and rainfall rate above the sea surface have significant effects on the ocean ambient noise,and the noise level can be predicted by using the ocean ambient noise model combined with wind speed and rainfall rate parameters.In this work,we study the ambient noise characteristics in the East Indian Ocean and analyze the influences of wind speed and rainfall rate on the ocean ambient noise.The results show that the correlation coefficient between high-band noise level and wind speed could reach 0.59 in the absence of rainfall,that the correlation coefficient between high-band noise level and rainfall rate can reach 0.85 in the presence of rainfall,and that the strong rainfall can increase the high-band ambient noise level by more than 6 dB.The wind-generated noise source level formula is also modified to make it applicable to the deep-sea environment of the East Indian Ocean,and the overall error between the model prediction of noise intensity level and the experimental noise intensity level in intense rainfall is within 2 dB after the modification.When the model is validated by using small-scale rainfall noise data,it is found that the noise source model using a non-uniform rainfall noise source at the sea surface during small-scale rainfall is more accurate than using a uniform rainfall noise source.The modified prediction model of wind-generated and rain-generated noise is important for predicting the ocean-ambient-noise characteristics in the Indian Ocean.

关 键 词：东印度洋 海洋环境噪声 降雨噪声 风生噪声 噪声预报模型 

分 类 号：P733.22[天文地球—物理海洋学]