缓释肥占基肥比例对单季晚稻分蘖和氮素吸收利用的影响  

Effect of proportion of slow-release nitrogen in base fertilizer on tillering and nitrogen uptake and utilization of single-cropping late rice

作　　者：张金萍 陈照明 王强[2] 马军伟[2] 俞巧钢[2] 叶静[2] 马进川 孙万春[2] ZHANG Jinping;CHEN Zhaoming;WANG Qiang;MA Junwei;YU Qiaogang;YE Jing;MA Jinchuan;SUN Wanchun(College of Environment and Resources,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;Institute of Environment,Resource,Soil and Fertilizer,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州311300 [2]浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所,浙江杭州310021

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2022年第10期2259-2267,共9页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划(2019C02017);浙江省“三农六方”科技协作计划(2019SNLF027,2020SNLF001);浙江省自然科学基金(LQ19C150005);黄岩区农业绿色发展先行先试支撑体系建设服务项目(HY202001)。

摘　　要：通过温室盆栽试验,研究在基肥中施用不同比例的缓释肥对单季晚稻分蘖动态、水稻生长和氮素吸收的影响,拟为单季晚稻一次性施肥技术提供理论指导。试验共设5个处理:N0,不施氮;CF,常规施肥;20%SRN,基肥中20%的氮用缓释氮肥提供;40%SRN,基肥中40%的氮用缓释氮肥提供;60%SRN,基肥中60%的氮用缓释氮肥提供。除N0外,各处理的施氮量相等。结果表明:各施氮处理的水稻分蘖数随移栽时间的变化均符合一元二次方程(P<0.05)。与CF相比,施用缓释肥并未显著(P>0.05)增加水稻的理论最大分蘖数和成穗率,对水稻产量亦无显著影响。在分蘖盛期、孕穗期,各施氮处理根部和地上部的氮素累积量无显著差异,但与CF处理相比,20%SRN和40%SRN处理显著(P<0.05)降低了水稻成熟期地上部的氮素吸收量和氮素表观利用率。综上,与CF处理相比,在基肥中施用不同比例的缓释氮肥并不会增加水稻的无效分蘖。60%SRN处理的水稻产量、成穗率、氮素吸收利用与CF处理并无显著差异。In the present study,a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of application of different proportions of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer(SRN)in base fertilizer on the tillering dynamics,rice growth and nitrogen uptake and utilization of single-cropping late rice,hence to provide theoretical guidance for one-time fertilization technology on rice production.Five treatments were set:N0,no nitrogen;CF,conventional fertilization;20%SRN,application of 20%(in basal fertilizer,the same as below)N via SRN;40%SRN,application of 40%N via SRN;60%SRN,application of 60%N via SRN.It was shown that the changes in the number of tillers over time fit in with the quadratic equation(P<0.05).Compared with CF treatment,application of SRN did not significantly(P>0.05)increase the theoretical maximum tillers and rice spike rate.Besides,application of SRN had no significant effect on rice yield as compared with CF treatment.At the tillering stage and booting stage,no significant difference was found in nitrogen accumulation in roots and shoots in all treatments with N,but the 20%SRN and 40%SRN treatments signficantly(P<0.05)reduced the N uptake and the apparent nitrogen utilization rate at the maturity stage as compared with the CF treatment.In summary,compared with the CF treatment,application of different proportions of SRN in base fortilizer did not increase the ineffective tillers of rice.Among the SRN treatments,the 60%SRN treatment had no significant difference on rice yield,spike rate and nitrogen uptake and utilization as compared with the CF treatment.

关 键 词：盆栽试验 水稻 缓释氮肥 产量 氮肥利用率 

分 类 号：S147.5[农业科学—肥料学]