企业数字化转型与出口:来自中国上市公司的微观证据  

Enterprise Digital Transformation and Export: Micro-Evidence from Chinese Listed Companies

作　　者：杜明威 耿景珠 崔岩[2] Du Mingwei;Geng Jingzhu;Cui Yan

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学国际经济政治学院 [2]辽宁大学日本研究所

出　　处：《世界经济研究》2022年第9期119-134,M0004,共17页World Economy Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“新形势下全球价值链重构对国际经济权力转移的影响及中国应对策略研究”(项目编号:20&ZD143);辽宁大学亚洲研究中心亚洲问题研究项目“中日韩数字经济发展政策比较研究”(项目编号:Y202010)的支持。

摘　　要：在数字革命的背景下,企业的数字化转型已经成为推动中国出口稳定增长的重要驱动力。文章基于2001~2016年中国上市公司年报和机器学习方法从微观层面测度了中国企业数字化转型指数,并结合对应的上市公司经济数据和中国海关数据,深入考察了企业数字化转型对出口的影响及其作用机制。研究结论表明,企业数字化转型能够有效促进出口的增长,在系列稳健性检验后依然成立,该影响存在长期持续的正向动态效应,且对于扩展边际和广延边际均有显著正向影响,而对于不同类型的企业存在异质性影响。机制分析表明,数字化转型通过生产效率、创新能力和供应链管理渠道影响企业出口。In the context of the digital revolution,the digital transformation of enterprises has become an important driving force for the steady growth of China’s exports. Based on the 2001-2016 annual reports of listed companies in China,this paper uses machine learning methods to measure the digital transformation index of Chinese companies at a micro level,and combines the economic data of listed companies and China customs data to investigate the impact of digital transformation of companies on exports and their mechanism. The research conclusion shows that the digital transformation of enterprises can effectively promote the growth of exports. This conclusion is still valid after a series of robustness tests. The impact has a long-term and continuous positive dynamic effect,and it has a significant positive effect on the expansion margin and the extension margin. In addition,there are heterogeneous effects on different types of enterprises. Mechanism analysis shows that digital transformation affects corporate exports through production efficiency,innovation capabilities,and supply chain management channels. Further analysis shows that the digital transformation of enterprises is conducive to the upgrading of export trade models and the extension of the scope of export industries.

关 键 词：数字化转型 上市公司年报 机器学习 企业出口 

分 类 号：F752.62[经济管理—国际贸易] F270.7[经济管理—产业经济] F832.51