国家地表水环境质量评价、分析与表征系统初步构建  

Preliminary Construction of National Surface Water Environmental Quality Assessment,Analysis and Characterization System

作　　者：嵇晓燕[1] 杨凯[1] 李文攀[1] 孙宗光[1] 李亚男 胡小燕 JI Xiaoyan;YANG Kai;LI Wenpan;SUN Zongguang;LI Yanan;HU Xiaoyan(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection,Environmental Monitoring and Quality Control,China National Environmental Monitoring Centre,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境监测总站,国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2022年第5期38-46,共9页Environmental Monitoring in China

摘　　要：随着国家地表水环境质量监测网络的优化调整以及水质自动监测与采测分离手工监测相结合模式的完全确立,每个月产生数百万计的监测数据。为全面支撑海量监测数据的传输、融合、处理、挖掘、分析、表征,构建了国家地表水环境质量评价、分析与表征系统。通过在多源异构数据融合、智能化数据质量控制、多层级水质评价与统计分析、地图动态数据表征等方面的技术创新,构建了包括数据来源层、数据存储层、应用支撑层、业务应用层和表征展示层5个主要部分的系统。形成了“一个融合、两个数据库、三个应用、四个中心”,实现了数据集成融合、数据共享互通、数据统计分析、水质报告生成、地图空间表征、综合大屏展示等6个方面主要功能。应用于国家地表水环境监测评价业务工作,能够及时、直观、准确、全面地展现全国地表水环境质量状况,为全国地表水环境质量管理决策、业务处理、科学研究提供有效的信息支撑。With the optimization of the national surface water environmental quality monitoring network,national surface water monitoring mechanism with the combination of automatic monitoring and sampling-analysis-separation manual monitoring is established and confirmed.Millions of monitoring data are generated every month.National Surface Water Environmental Quality Assessment,Analysis and Characterization System is developed with the functionality of data transmission,data fusion,data processing,data mining,data analysis and data presentation with mass surface water monitoring data.The system architecture is designed in a hierarchy with data source layer,data storage layer,support engine layer,business logic layer and data presentation layer with technical innovation on multi-source heterogeneous data migration,automatic data quality control,multi-tie water quality evaluation and dynamic data presentation with GIS.The system is organized in“One fusion,Two databases,Three applications and Four centers”mode with data fusion,data sharing,statistics and analysis,data report generation,geographical data presentation and comprehensive presentation functional components.The system has been successfully applied to national surface water environment monitoring and evaluation work,which can display the national surface water environmental quality in a timely,intuitive,accurate and comprehensive manner,and provide effective data support to management decision-making and scientific research.

关 键 词：地表水环境 质量评价 分析与表征 信息支撑 

分 类 号：X82[环境科学与工程—环境工程]