碱式碳酸铋负载与接枝改性丙纶阴离子交换膜的制备  

Preparation of graft-modified and basic bismuth carbonate loaded anion exchange polypropylene membranes

作　　者：贾奕帆 徐小芳 陶然[1] 石小丽[2] 杨旭红[1] 朱新生[1] JIA Yifan;XU Xiaofang;TAO Ran;SHI Xiaoli;YANG Xuhong;ZHU Xinsheng(Faculty of Textile and Clothing Engineering,Soochow University,Suzhou 215021;College of Chemistry,Chemical Engineering and Materials Science,Soochow University,Suzhou 215223)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学纺织与服装工程学院,江苏苏州215021 [2]苏州大学材料与化学化工部,江苏苏州215223

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2022年第5期22-27,共6页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

基　　金：江苏省南通市政府资助项目(JC2019088)。

摘　　要：针对均相离子交换膜离子交换量低和力学性能差等缺点,通过热接枝聚合将甲基丙烯酰胺丙基三甲基氯化铵(MAPTAC)接枝到丙纶布中,且将碱式碳酸铋((BiO)_(2)CO_(3))附着在丙纶布上,得到接枝和负载改性丙纶布;再经(BiO)_(2)CO_(3)涂覆整理制得丙纶阴离子交换膜;研究了交联剂与引发剂含量对接枝率的影响、接枝和负载改性前后丙纶布的微观结构与热稳定性能,以及(BiO)_(2)CO_(3)涂覆量对丙纶阴离子交换膜性能的影响。结果表明:接枝过程中,调节交联剂与引发剂含量可使丙纶布的MAPTAC接枝率达94.4%;基于原位合成方法(BiO)_(2)CO_(3)成功负载在接枝丙纶布上,接枝改性和负载(BiO)_(2)CO_(3)后的丙纶布在30~400℃出现热降解,在200~500℃出现快速降解;在(BiO)_(2)CO_(3)涂覆整理液的涂覆下,随着(BiO)_(2)CO_(3)剂量增加,丙纶阴离子交换膜的含水量和膜面电阻先下降后升高,离子交换量和断裂强度先上升后下降,在合适的(BiO)_(2)CO_(3)剂量下制得的丙纶阴离子交换膜的离子交换量、膜面电阻和拉伸强度分别达2.98 mmol/g、35Ω·cm^(2)和7.8 MPa。Owing to the low ion exchange capacity and poor mechanical properties of homogeneous ion exchange membranes,methacrylamido propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride(MAPTAC)was grafted into polypropylene nonwoven by thermal graft polymerization and basic bismuth carbonate((BiO)_(2)CO_(3))was loaded to polypropylene nonwoven to prepare grafted and loaded modified polypropylene nonwovens,which was coated with(BiO)_(2)CO_(3) to obtain polypropylene anion exchange membrane.The effects of crosslinker and initiator contents on the grafting rate,microstructure and thermal stability of polypropylene fabric before and after grafting and loading modification,and the effects of(BiO)_(2)CO_(3) coating amount on the properties of polypropylene anion exchange membrane were studied.The results showed that the MAPTAC grafting rate of polypropylene fabric can reach 94.4%by adjusting the contents of crosslinker and initiator during the grafting process;(BiO)_(2)CO_(3) was successfully loaded on the grafted polypropylene nonwoven by in-situ synthesis method,and the grafted and(BiO)_(2)CO_(3) loaded polypropylene nonwoven was thermally degraded at 30-400℃and rapidly degraded at 200-500℃;the water content and area resistance of polypropylene anion exchange membrane first decreased and then increased and the ion exchange capacity and breaking strength first increased and then decreased with the increase of(BiO)_(2)CO_(3) dosage during the coating of(BiO)_(2)CO_(3) finishing solution;and the polypropylene anion exchange membrane prepared at the proper dosage of(BiO)_(2)CO_(3) had the ion exchange capacity,area resistance and tensile strength of 2.98 mmol/g,35Ω·cm^(2) and 7.8 MPa,respectively.

关 键 词：聚丙烯纤维 非织造布 离子交换膜 碱式碳酸铋 接枝改性 膜面电阻 离子交换量 

分 类 号：TQ342.62[化学工程—化纤工业] TQ342.85