选区激光熔化成形316L不锈钢组织及性能研究  

Microstructure and properties of 316L stainless steel manufactured by selective laser melting

作　　者：吴佳豪 徐峰[1,2] 孟凡莹[1,2] 贾仕奎[1,2] 张雷 刘力豪 林相 WU Jiahao;XU Feng;MENG Fanying;JIA Shikui;ZHANG Lei;LIU Lihao;LIN Xiang(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong,723000,China;National&Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Slag Comprehensive Utilization and Environmental Technology,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong,723000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学材料科学与工程学院,陕西汉中723000 [2]陕西理工大学矿渣综合利用环保技术国家与地方联合工程实验室,陕西汉中723000

出　　处：《兵器材料科学与工程》2022年第5期82-89,共8页Ordnance Material Science and Engineering

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2021JM-486)。

摘　　要：用选区激光熔化(SLM)技术成形316L不锈钢试样,对垂直/平行打印方向的两个面进行组织结构、显微硬度、拉伸性能、摩擦磨损性能和耐腐蚀性能对比研究。结果表明:垂直面显微组织在SLM的高温度梯度和凝固速率特性影响下形成等轴胞状晶;由于热流及散热方向对晶粒影响,平行面显微组织主要为沿熔合线外延生长的柱状晶。受晶粒尺寸及孔隙率影响,垂直面显微硬度均值(287.0HV_(0.2))略高于平行面(259.9HV_(0.2));由于试样内部柱状晶组织存在方向性,垂直面拉伸性能优于平行面;垂直面的耐磨损性能略优于平行面;垂直面组织经晶粒细化形成整体等轴胞状晶,提高钝化层的致密性,垂直面钝化膜耐蚀性优于平行面。316L stainless steel specimens were formed by selective laser melting(SLM)technology,and their microstructure,microhardness,tensile properties,frictional wear properties and corrosion resistance for both sides in the vertical/parallel printing direction were contrastively studied.The results show that equiaxed cell crystals are formed in vertical plane under high temperature gradient and solidification rate of SLM.Due to the influence of heat flow and direction of heat dissipation on the grain during heating,the microstructure of parallel plane is mainly columnar crystals growing along the fusion line.Affected by grain size and porosity,the average microhardness of vertical plane(287.0HV_(0.2))is slightly higher than that of parallel plane(259.9HV_(0.2)).Due to the directionality of columnar crystal structure in the specimens,the transverse(vertical plane)tensile property is superior to the longitudinal(parallel plane),the corrosion resistance of vertical plane is slightly better than that of parallel plane.equiaxed cell crystals with smaller overall size are formed by grain refining in the vertical plane,by which can improve the compactness of the passivation layer.The corrosion resistance of the passivation film in the vertical plane is stronger than that in the parallel plane.

关 键 词：选区激光熔化 316L不锈钢 显微组织 显微硬度 摩擦磨损 耐腐蚀性能 

分 类 号：TG142[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG113[金属学及工艺—金属材料]