彝语民歌“■”考——兼论彝族民歌的汉译问题  

Study of Yi Folk Song“■”——Cum the Chinese Translation of Yi Folk Songs

作　　者：文友军 龙炜 洪桂云 龙再艺 杨之辉 WEN You jun;LONG Wei;HONG Gui yun;LONG Zai yi;YANG Zhi hui(Research Center of Ancient Books of Ethnic Minorities in Weining County,Guizhou Province,Weining,Guizhou,553100;Guizhou Weining Institute for Nationalities,Weining,Guizhou,553100;College of Literature and Media,Guizhou Education University,Guiyang,Guizhou,550018;Weining No.1 Primary School,Weining,Guizhou,553100;Bandi Middle School,Bandi Township,Weining,Guizhou,553100)

机构地区：[1]贵州省威宁县民族研究所,贵州威宁553100 [2]贵州省威宁县少数民族古籍文献研究中心,贵州威宁553100 [3]贵州师范学院文学与传媒学院,贵州贵阳550018 [4]贵州省威宁县第一小学,贵州威宁553100 [5]贵州省威宁县板底乡板底中学,贵州威宁553100

出　　处：《贵州师范学院学报》2022年第9期1-7,共7页Journal of Guizhou Education University

基　　金：贵州省教育厅基地项目“毛南佯僙话名物词的描写词汇学及语义民族志调查”(2021JD005);贵州少数民族语言文化数字化保护项目(0637-218102010786)。

摘　　要：“■”作为一首彝族“曲谷”类民歌的首句,其汉语译文有“月亮明三月”“月亮明朗的三月”“月亮明朗的夜晚”等版本。这些版本译文中的“■”一词被翻译为“第三个月”或“三个月”,这些译文虽不影响整首歌词的理解,但从词语释义、上下文义、相似篇章寓意等多方面进行综合考究,“■”应该解释为“月明的时候”,抑或“月圆相会的某一夜”,而该句歌词应该解释为“月亮明朗的多个夜晚”更佳。鉴于此,彝族民歌的汉译理应对文本整体、相似文本和文化语境进行综合分析,充分考虑译文的押韵性和易懂性,并根据歌词的使用情境采取差别性翻译,方能译出浅显易懂、富有美感的歌词。■(Lobudesehu), as the first lyrics of the folk song "Qugu" of Yi ethnic group, can be translated into Chinese as "the moon is bright in March","March with bright moon", and "the night with bright moon", which conveys the main idea of the song on the whole. However, in view of lexical definition, context and connotation of similar texts, ■(Lo) should be interpreted as "the time of the bright moon" or "a night with the full moon for meeting", and it is much more appropriate for the first lyrics to be interpreted as "several nights with bright moon". Therefore, the concise and elegant translation of Yi folk songs should be guaranteed by the analysis of the whole text, similar texts and cultural context, combined with full consideration of the rhyme in the targeted texts and the pragmatic use of the lyrics.

关 键 词：民间文学 民歌 翻译 彝族 曲谷 

分 类 号：H217[语言文字—少数民族语言]