冬奥背景下我国冰雪运动员就业保障权的实现困境与消解策略  

Dilemmas and Resolution Strategies of Achievement of Employment Security Right of Chinese Ice and Snow Athletes Under the Background of Winter Olympics

作　　者：闫纪红 吴文平[2] 代新语 YAN Jihong;WU Wenping;DAI Xinyu(Institute of Sports Science,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,Hunan,China;School of Law and Public Administration,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,Hunan,China;Institute of Sports Training,Capital University of Physical Education and Sports,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]吉首大学体育科学学院,湖南吉首416000 [2]吉首大学法学与公共管理学院,湖南吉首416000 [3]首都体育学院运动训练研究所,北京100191

出　　处：《沈阳体育学院学报》2022年第5期8-14,共7页Journal of Shenyang Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(17XGL004)。

摘　　要：运用文献资料法和逻辑分析法对2022年北京冬奥会背景下冰雪运动员的就业保障权进行研究,系统梳理冰雪运动员就业保障权所包含的具体内容,并基于赋权增能理论的视角对退役冰雪运动员就业保障权实现的现实困境进行深度审视。其形成原因:1)法律政策赋权缺失,相关内容有待完善;2)制度赋权无力,体制机制有待革新;3)社会支持赋权薄弱,不同主体的协同配合有待加强;4)外在增能不足,冰雪运动员就业保障体系建设有待提升;5)内在增能乏力,冰雪运动员就业保障的主体意识有待增强。基于上述分析,围绕宏观层面如何为冰雪运动员“赋权”以及微观层面如何为冰雪运动员二次就业“增能”,提出冰雪运动员就业保障权实现的消解策略,主要从细化法律政策规定、完善体制机制建设、优化社会支持的资源配置、创建外在增能的帮扶体系、提高内在增能的个体自觉等5个方面展开,来全面提升冰雪运动员就业发展的制度力、保障力、支持力、资源力、参与力,推进退役冰雪运动员就业保障权的真正有效实现。By employing the methods of literature review and logical analysis,this paper studies the employment security right of ice and snow athletes under the background of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics,systematically combs the specific contents of the employment security right of ice and snow athletes,deeply examines the realistic dilemma,from the perspective of empowerment theory,of the achievement of employment security right encountered by retired ice and snow athletes.And it further analyzes the causes of above:1)Empowerment of laws and policies are lacking and the relevant contents need to be perfected;2)Institutional empowerment is weak,and institutional mechanism needs to be innovated;3)The empowerment of social support is weak,and the coordination of different subjects needs to be strengthened;4)The external empowerment is deficient and the construction of employment security system for ice and snow athletes needs to be improved;5)The internal empowerment is inadequate and the self-consciousness of ice and snow athletes on reemployment needs to be intensified.Based on the above analysis,the research focuses on how to empower ice and snow athletes at the macro-level and how to enhance the reemployment of ice and snow athletes at the micro level,and also puts forward the five feasible strategies for the achievement of employment security right for ice and snow athletes in terms of refinement of laws and policies,the perfection of institutional mechanism,the optimization of resource allocations of social support,the creation of external empowerment assistance system,and the increased self-consciousness of internal employment.In order to push forward the real and effective achievement of employment security right for retired ice and snow athletes,we should make full improvement in aspects of institutional system,security policy,supporting services,resource allocation and individual participation to boost the career development for ice and snow athletes.

关 键 词：北京冬奥会 冰雪运动员 就业保障权 赋权增能理论 消解策略 

分 类 号：G86[文化科学—体育训练]