三景融合与中国古典园林多元景观构成  

Integration of Soundscape,Smellscape and Lightscape and Diversified Landscape Construction of Traditional Chinese Gardens

作　　者：吴硕贤[1,2] Wu Shuoxian

机构地区：[1]中国科学院 [2]华南理工大学建筑学院、亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室

出　　处：《南方建筑》2022年第10期1-4,共4页South Architecture

基　　金：中国科学院咨询课题资助项目(2018-ZW01-A-031):继续弘扬传统文化,提升人居环境品质——重视开展声景学、香景学及光景学研究与实践;华南理工大学亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室自主研究课题项目(2022KB06):亚热带城市公园中光景与听、嗅感官的多元交互作用研究。

摘　　要：提出多元景观营造的理念,指出人们对景观的感知与欣赏,是经由视觉、听觉、嗅觉、触觉乃至热湿等感觉所综合形成的整体印象和评判的过程。因此风景园林的设计与营造必须重视声景、香景与光景的营造与融合。多元景观营造论的另一要点,是必须同时关注景观的空间性与时间性两个维度,使得所构建的景观,能做到处处、时时良好。在这方面,三景的营造也能突显其地域性与时间性的特点。通过对若干中国传统园林经典案例的剖析,雄辩地证明了多元景观营造与三景融合正是中国传统园林的宝贵经验之所在,对于成就著名景观具有重要作用,也是我们应当大力加以传承与弘扬的优秀传统。This paper proposes the concept of diversified landscape construction,pointing out that people’s perception and appreciation of a landscape is a process of overall impression and judgment formed through a combination of visual,auditory,olfactory,tactile and even thermal and humid senses.Examples can be found in many famous traditional Chinese gardens.Around West Lake area,there are famous soundscape scenic spots,e.g.,Liu Lang Wen Ying(Orioles Singing in the Willows),Nan Ping Evening Bell(Evening Bell Ringing at the Nanping Hill),Zhejiang Qiu Tao(Autumn Wave of Zhejiang) and Jiu Li Song Tao(Wave of Pine Trees lasts Nine Miles).There are also several famous lightscape scenic spots,e.g.,San Tan Ying Yue(Moon and Candlelight Mirrored in the Lake) and Ping Hu Qiu Yue(Moon over the Peaceful Lake in Autumn).In terms of smellscape,in addition to the famous smellscape scenic spot Qu Yuan Feng He(Curved Yard and Lotus Pool in Summer),West Lake area is also widely planted with osmanthus and other fragrant plants,forming a smellscape in which " late autumn fragrant with osmanthus flowers,and lotus in bloom for miles and miles".At Humble Administrator Garden,there are soundscape scenic spots such as Wu Zhu You Ju(Secluded Residence among Bamboo Bushes),and Liu Ting Ge(Pavilion to Pause and Listen);there are smellscape scenic spots such as the Orchid Field,the Magnolia Courtyard,the Panicum Pavilion,etc.Lightscape scenic spots such as Liu Ying Ge(Hall of Reflecting Shadows) and Ta Ying Ting(Pavilion of Shadow of Tower) can also be found there.In Chengde Summer Resort,soundscape scenic spots such as Wan He Song Feng(Wind of Ten Thousand Ravines and Pines),and lightscape scenic spots such as Xi Ling Chen Xia(Morning Sunset on West Ridge),etc.Smellscape scenic spots such as Qu Shui Hua Xiang(Fragrance of Flowers in the Curved Water),Yuan Xiang Tang(Hall of Fragrance of Far Away)can also be found.The above classic cases eloquently prove that the creation of multiple landscapes and the integration of them are the valuable experie

关 键 词：多元景观营造 声景 香景 光景 中国古典园林 

分 类 号：TU112[建筑科学—建筑理论] TU113TU986