秦岭马头滩林区鼠害调查初报  

Preliminary Report on Rodent Infestation in Matoutan Forest Region of Qinling Mountains

作　　者：姚军善 张鸿斌 YAO Jun-shan;ZHANG Hong-bin(Baoji Matoutan Forestry Bureau,Baoji,Shaanxi 721006)

机构地区：[1]宝鸡市马头滩林业局,陕西宝鸡721006

出　　处：《陕西林业科技》2022年第4期86-88,90,共4页Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology

摘　　要：为保护陕西秦岭西部林地资源,针对近年来时有严重发生的鼠害,2017—2020年,在宝鸡市马头滩林业局林区采用捕鼠器捕捉法,调查研究了针叶林、阔叶林、针阔混交林的鼠类种类、种群数量与结构,危害树木种类、时期,不同诱捕器诱捕效果等,结果为该林区鼠类主要有大林姬鼠、黑线姬鼠、褐家鼠等3种,其中大林姬鼠是优势种,黑线姬鼠是次优势种,鼠类群落结构和种群数量基本稳定;害鼠数量天然林多于人工林,针阔混交林>阔叶林>针叶林;鼠害春季重于秋季,主要危害椴树、槭树、华北落叶松、华山松等树种,啃食树木基部树皮等;陷阱法捕鼠效果好于笼捕法。In order to study the main rodent communities in the western Qinling Mountains,the rodent communities were investigated in Matoutan forest region from 2017 to 2020.The results showed that the main community structure of rodents in the forest area was Apodemus giganteus,Apodemus agrarius and Rattus norvegicus.Apodemus giganteus was the dominant species and Apodemus agrarius was the subdominant species.The community structure and population number of rodents were stable in different years.The number of rodents is more in natural forest than that in plantations,and more in mixed forest than in broadleaved forest and conifers.Rodent infestation is more severe in spring than in autumn,mainly harming basswood,maple,larch,Pinus armandi and other tree species,feeding on basal barks.

关 键 词：林地 鼠类 群落 危害 马头滩林业局 

分 类 号：S764.5[农业科学—森林保护学]