批判传统与分析传统的汇通何以可能?——从马克思被维也纳学派奉为“先哲”说起  

How the Convergence of Critical Tradition with Analytical Tradition is Possible:From Marx Was Deified as a “Predecessors” of Vienna Circle

作　　者：安维复 AN Weifu

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《哲学分析》2022年第5期63-76,197,共15页Philosophical Analysis

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“西方科学思想多语种文献编目及研究”(项目编号:14ZDB019)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：西方马克思主义与(新)实证主义虽有隔阂,但并非没有汇通的可能。这涉及三个问题:其一,马克思曾被维也纳学派奉为“先哲”的理据是否可信?其二,维也纳学派有马克思主义流传如何可能?其三,如何厘定马克思主义与维也纳学派的共识与界分?对于中国学界而言,西方学术的批判传统与分析传统可能不是对立的;对于中国科学哲学研究而言,科学哲学中的马克思主义可能是个思想富矿区,马克思传统的科学哲学是可能的;对西方马克思主义研究而言,马克思主义对分析传统的批判和包容可能同样重要,西方马克思主义理论根源与维也纳学派高度相关;“纽拉特的马克思主义”可能是西方马克思主义的重要流派。建构中国的科学哲学或马克思主义科学哲学是可能的。Although there is a gap between Marxism and(new) positivism, it is not without the possibility of convergence. The convergence involves three questions: Firstly, is it credible for Marx to be deified as “a predecessor” of the Vienna Circle? Secondly, how is it possible that the Vienna Circle has Marxism spread? Thirdly, how to determine the consensus and demarcation between Marxism and the Vienna Circle? For Chinese academic circles, the critical tradition and analytical tradition in Western academics may not be in opposition. For Chinese philosophy of science research, Marxism in philosophy of science may count as a rich research minefield, and Marxist traditional philosophy of science is possible. For the study of Marxism, the criticism and tolerance of the analytical tradition may be equally important. The theoretical roots of Western Marxism are highly related to the Vienna Circle;“Neurathian Marxism” may be an important school of Western Marxism. It is possible to construct a Chinese philosophy of science or a Marxist philosophy of science.

关 键 词：马克思主义科学性 维也纳学派 科学/学术的马克思主义 马克思主义科学哲学 

分 类 号：B01[哲学宗教—哲学理论]