新时代加快理科类专业紧缺人才高质量培养研究——基于IPOE理论框架的476位理科专家访谈分析  

Research on High-Quality and Rapid Training of Urgently-Needed Science Talents in the New Era of China——Analysis of Interviews with 476 Science Experts Based on the IPOE Theoretical Framework

作　　者：陈新忠 王庆鲁 王圆晴 Chen Xinzhong;Wang Qinglu;Wang Yuanqing(Institute of Education Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072;School of Policy and Management,Huazhong Agriculture University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学教育科学研究院,湖北武汉430072 [2]华中农业大学公共管理学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《中国科技论坛》2022年第10期169-177,共9页Forum on Science and Technology in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“供给视角下典型行业特色高校创新型人才培养模式研究”(72041005);中国工程院战略咨询与研究项目“提高高等教育质量,加快培养理工农医类专业紧缺人才”(2021-XY-47);中国学位与研究生教育学会2020年度重大课题“研究生教育的育人规律研究”(2020ZA1006)。

摘　　要：理工农医紧缺人才培养是当前中国面临的重大任务,而理科类高精尖人才短缺是突破“卡脖子”技术的最大瓶颈。本研究构建理科人才培养质量评价的IPOE理论框架模型,基于476位理科专家的调研访谈,从输入、过程、产出和效应4个方面展开分析。研究发现科学精神缺失和成才动力不足是中国理科人才培养的突出问题,体现在高校理科人才培养理念不合理、师资队伍建设不充分、培养模式落后、培养质量不高、评价导向偏颇和社会效应低下。加快理科类专业紧缺人才高质量培养,中国亟需在总量控制中依据紧缺专业方向树立理科紧缺人才培养新理念,支持建立理科综合实践基地,构建学科交叉培养体系,轮训提升教师育才水平,改革评价促进原始创新。It is a major task for China to cultivate the urgently-needed talents of science,engineering,agriculture and medicine.The shortage of science professional high-precision talents is the biggest bottleneck for China to break through the“bottle-neck”technology.This research constructs a theoretical framework model of IPOE for evaluating the quality of science talents training.Based on the survey and interviews of 476 science experts,it analyzes the issue from four aspects named as input,process,output and effect,and finds that the deficiency of scientific spirit and lack of motivation to become talents are the prominent problems of science talents training in China,which are reflected in the unreasonable concept of talents cultivation,inadequate construction of faculty,backward training mode,low quality of training,biased evaluation orientation and low social effect of science in universities.To accelerate the high-quality training of urgently-needed science talents,China urgently needs to establish a new ideology for the training of urgently-needed science talents based on the direction of scarce specialties in total control,support the establishment of science comprehensive practice bases,build an interdisciplinary training system,rotate training to improve teachers level of talent training,and reform evaluation to promote original innovation.

关 键 词：紧缺人才 理科类专业 高质量培养 加快培养 IPOE理论框架 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学]