增施氮肥对晋荞麦2号产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Increasing Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Yield and Quality of Jinqiaomai 2

作　　者：张广峰 陈喜明 韩云丽 李晓峰 白洁 ZHANG Guang-feng;CHEN Xi-ming;HAN Yun-li;LI Xiao-feng;BAI Jie(Maize Research Institute,Shanxi Agricultural University,Xinzhou 034000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学玉米研究所,山西忻州034000

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2022年第10期33-37,共5页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省农业科学院农业科技创新研究课题“优秀青年基金项目”(YCX2020YQ44);山西农业大学生物育种工程(YZGC069)。

摘　　要：为明确晋荞麦2号在晋北地区种植的最适施氮量,以苦荞品种晋荞麦2号为试材,设置7个氮肥水平,即0 kg·hm^(-2)(N 0)、45 kg·hm^(-2)(N 45)、90 kg·hm^(-2)(N 90)、135 kg·hm^(-2)(N 135)、180 kg·hm^(-2)(N180)、225 kg·hm^(-2)(N225)和270 kg·hm^(-2)(N270),研究不同施氮水平下晋荞麦2号的物候期、生长指标、产量、产量性状以及品质的变化规律。结果表明,增施氮肥会延长晋荞麦2号的生育期;随着氮肥施用量的增加,株高、茎粗、一级分枝数、主茎节数和叶面积均呈先升后降的趋势;单株粒数和单株粒重随氮肥施用量的增加也呈先增后降的趋势,晋荞麦2号的产量在施氮量为180 kg·hm^(-2)时最高,达到121.36 kg·(666.7 m^(2))^(-1),比不施氮肥的对照增产36.56%;随施氮量的增加,粗蛋白、粗淀粉、粗脂肪、膳食纤维以及总黄酮含量呈先升后降的趋势,芦丁含量表现为逐渐下降。综合所有试验结果得出,180 kg·hm^(-2)为晋北地区晋荞麦2号的最适施氮量。In order to determine the optimal nitrogen application rate of Jinqiaomai 2 in North Shanxi,Jinqiaomai 2,a tartary buckwheat variety,was used as the test material,seven nitrogen levels were set:0 kg·ha^(-1)(N0),45 kg·ha^(-1)(N45),90 kg·ha^(-1)(N90),135 kg·ha^(-1)(N135),180 kg·ha^(-1)(N180),225 kg·ha^(-1)(N225)and 270 kg·ha^(-1)(N270).The phenological period,growth index,yield,yield characters and quality of Jinqiaomai 2 were studied under different nitrogen application levels.The results showed that increasing nitrogen fertilizer could prolong the growth period of Jinqiaomai 2.With the increase of nitrogen application rate,plant height,stem diameter,number of first-order branches,node number of main stem and leaf area increased firstly and then decreased.Grain number per plant and grain weight per plant also increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate.The maximum yield of Jinqiaomai 2 reached 121.36 kg·(666.7 m^(2))^(-1) when nitrogen application rate was 180 kg·ha^(-1),which was 36.56%higher than that of the control without nitrogen application.With the increase of nitrogen application rate,the contents of crude protein,crude starch,crude fat,dietary fiber and total flavonoids increased firstly and then decreased,while the content of rutin decreased gradually.The results showed that 180 kg·ha^(-1) was the optimal nitrogen application rate for Jinqiaomai 2 in North Shanxi.

关 键 词：晋荞麦2号 氮肥 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S517[农业科学—作物学]