马克思对“物质利益难题”的持续性求解及其历史价值——兼论对中国相对贫困治理的启示  

Marx’s Continuous Solution to the“Material Interest Problem”and its Historical Value

作　　者：徐苗 XU Miao(School of Marxism,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学马克思主义学院,上海200444

出　　处：《河海大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第5期22-29,127,128,共10页Journal of Hohai University：Philosophy and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA003)。

摘　　要：马克思在《莱茵报》时期遭遇以人民理性与物质利益之间的真正关系为何、何以消除社会贫困问题为主要内容的“难题”后,便开启了关于“难题”的持续性求解之路。马克思持续性求解“难题”的历史进程以总体隐匿的方式依随其思想的发展不断推进,而“难题”求解进程的持续性推进也内蕴丰富的历史价值。马克思在持续性求解“难题”的历史进程中实现了思想的革新与发展,特别是世界观领域唯心主义理性国家观的消解、方法论向度政治经济学批判的开启与深化以及价值旨趣维度人类解放愿景的厘清与确证。此外,马克思在持续性探究“难题”的历史进程中所建构的关于社会贫困问题及其求解的重要思想,能够为后脱贫时代中国相对贫困的治理实践提供启示。After Marx encountered the“material interest problem”which mainly focused on the real relationship between people’s rationality and material interests and how to eliminate social poverty during Rheinische Zeitung,he successively opened the road of continuous solution to“material interest problem”,and this solution approach was generally hidden in his writings,including Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right,Economic and Philosophical Manuscript of 1844,German Ideology,Das Kapital.The historical process of Marx’s continuous solution of“material interest problem”is advancing with the development in his thought with an overall hidden way,and the process of solving“material interest problem”also contains rich historical value.From the perspective of the development of Marx’s own thought,he has achieved ideological innovation and development in the historical process of continuously solving“material interest problem”,such as the dissolution of the idealistic rational state concept in world view field,the opening and deepening of political economy research in methodological dimension,and the clarification and confirmation of human liberation in the aspect of value ideal.From the view of the impact on future generations,Marx has constructed cognitions about social poverty and its solution in the historical process of continuous exploration of“material interest problem”.It can provide scientific guidance for the global poverty reduction cause,especially for the governance practice of China’s relative poverty in the post-poverty era.

关 键 词：马克思 “物质利益难题” 求解 历史价值 相对贫困 

分 类 号：B0-0[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]