生物源性补片研究现状及应用  

Biological Mesh:a Review

作　　者：郑欣[1,2] 但卫华 陈一宁[1,2] 李正军[1] 但晔[3] 胡晓兵 ZHENG Xin;DAN Weihua;CHEN Yining;LI Zhengjun;DAN Ye;HU Xiaobing(National Engineering Research Center for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Research Center of Biomedicine Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学制革清洁技术国家工程研究中心,成都610065 [2]四川大学生物医学工程技术研究中心,成都610065 [3]四川大学机械工程学院,成都610065

出　　处：《材料导报》2022年第20期231-238,共8页Materials Reports

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(20826041C4159)。

摘　　要：人体内组织缺损修复补片材料一直是材料工程和生物医学工程的研究重点之一,人工合成高分子补片因具有物理力学性能好、可塑性强、价格低廉等优点在临床上得到了广泛的应用。但人工合成高分子补片材料普遍存在生物相容性较差、诱导组织再生能力不佳、并发症较多等问题,难以达到人体缺损组织理想修复材料的临床要求,因而,人们将研究的触角伸向了生物源性的补片材料。相比于合成高分子补片,生物源性补片具有更好的生物相容性和更低的免疫原性,在应用中能够很好地与宿主组织整合并诱导新生组织的再生,且并发症较少。但单一的生物源性补片材料在实际应用中仍存在力学强度不够、降解速率过快等问题。为了解决这些问题,研究者们或采用物理和化学方法对生物源性补片材料进行改性,如采用化学交联剂对补片进行交联固定;或对补片结构进行仿生学设计,采用不同的补片成型方法,如静电纺丝等方法优化补片结构;或将多种补片材料复合等,以最大限度地提高补片的物理力学性能、耐降解性能和生物学性能,进而获得更为理想的生物源性补片。本文重点综述了生物源性补片的最新研究进展,介绍了近年来生物源性补片在腹部、心肌、盆腔以及尿道缺损等领域的应用现状,并对其发展前景进行了展望。The research of repair patch materials for human tissue defects remains a major focus of materials and biomedical engineering.Synthetic polymer patches are widely used in the clinic because of their good physical and mechanical properties,strong plasticity,and low price.Howe-ver,inherent issues,such as poor biocompatibility,poor ability to induce tissue regeneration,and various complications,have challenged their use.It is difficult to meet the clinical requirements of ideal repair materials for human tissue defects.Therefore,researchers have begun research on biological patch materials.Compared with a synthetic polymer patch,a biological patch has better biocompatibility and lower immunogenicity.Furthermore,it has good bio-assimilation with human tissue and induces the regeneration of new tissue,with less postoperative complications.However,there remain some issues with its practical application,including insufficient mechanical strength and a rapid degradation rate.To address these issues,a va-riety of approaches have been adopted,including the use of chemical crosslinking agents for crosslinking and fixation.In addition,a biomimetic strategy has been used for patch structural design and different patch forming methods have been adopted,such as electrospinning,to optimize the mesh structure.Moreover,a variety of composite materials can be used to maximize the physical and mechanical properties of patches,increasing their degradation resistance and biological properties.In this paper,the research progress on biological mesh materials is reviewed.The application status of biological patches in abdominal,myocardial,pelvic and urethral defects repair is also discussed,as well as the development prospect of biological patches.

关 键 词：生物源性补片 组织缺损修复 脱细胞基质 疝气补片 

分 类 号：R318.08[医药卫生—生物医学工程]