钯催化乙炔半加氢反应的研究进展  

Progress in Palladium Catalysts for Acetylene Semi-Hydrogenation

作　　者：刘鑫[1] 黄亮[1] 竺清 李孝建 郭俊艳 张海军[1] LIU Xin;HUANG Liang;ZHU Qing;LI Xiaojian;GUO Junyan;ZHANG Haijun(The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学省部共建耐火材料与冶金国家重点实验室,武汉430081

出　　处：《材料导报》2022年第20期249-257,共9页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52072274)。

摘　　要：在石油裂解生产得到的乙烯中存在的少量乙炔会毒化乙烯聚合反应中的催化剂,进而劣化聚合物的品质。选择性催化半加氢法可有效除去富乙烯流中的少量乙炔,钯因其优异的氢气解离性能及碳碳三键亲和性能被公认为是乙炔半加氢反应中催化效率最高且最具前景的催化剂。但是,纯钯催化剂对乙烯的选择性较差,容易过度加氢生成乙烷。因此,必须对钯催化剂进行改性和优化。常见的改性方法包括调节钯催化剂的微观结构与分散度、与其他金属形成合金、引入助催化剂及选择合适的载体等。本文综述了不同钯催化剂在乙炔半加氢领域的最新研究进展,总结了各改性方法对钯催化性能的影响,并对其今后的研究方向进行了展望。The existence of trace acetylene in ethylene produced by naphtha cracking could poison the catalyst of ethylene polymerization,resulting in the deterioration of polymer quality.Selective catalytic semi-hydrogenation can effectively remove trace acetylene from ethylene rich flow,and palladium with excellent hydrogen dissociation and carbon-carbon triple bond affinity is recognized as the most efficient and promising catalyst for acetylene semi hydrogenation.The flaw of palladium is its high proneness to transform ethylene to ethane due to its poor selectivity for the former.Hence considerable academic and engineering efforts have been made,on the basis of a lot of modification methods,including adjusting the microstructure and dispersion of palladium catalysts,forming alloys with other metals,introducing catalyst promoters and optimizing supports.In this paper,the latest research progress of different palladium catalysts in semi-hydrogenation of acetylene is reviewed.The effects of the above-mentioned modification methods on the catalytic performance of palladium are summarized,and the future research directions are also prospected.

关 键 词：钯催化剂 乙炔半加氢 微观结构 助催化剂 载体 

分 类 号：O643[理学—物理化学]