“一边倒”与美国“机会丧失论”再探讨(1949—1950)  

“Leaning to One Side”and Further Discussions on the Theory of America’s“Lost Chance”in China,1949—1950

作　　者：周天羽 Zhou Tianyu

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史学系 [2]北京大学韩半岛研究中心,北京100871

出　　处：《史学月刊》2022年第10期67-75,共9页Journal of Historical Science

基　　金：韩国教育部韩国学研究“重点大学”计划——“关于近现代中韩关系世界高水平研究教育体系的构建”(AKS-2021-OLU-2250005)。

摘　　要：“机会丧失论”是指学界关于1949年前后美国与中共曾有和解机会但最终失去的观点。最近解密的档案明确显示,1949年6月毛泽东公开宣布“一边倒”之前,中美接触并不“秘密”,而是多在斯大林和毛泽东的周密安排下进行;而毛泽东宣布“一边倒”之后,美国仍试图放弃台湾来阻止中苏结盟,但中共为了国家安全与国内政权稳定,决定先与苏联重订新约并结盟。事实上,当时中共的地缘政治环境决定中共无法与美国和解,美国根本没有所谓失去的“机会”。America’s“Lost Chance”in China refers to the academic argument that there was once a reconciliation opportunity between the United States and the Communist Party of China around 1949,but this opportunity had eventually been lost.Recent declassified documents clarified that the contacts between the United States and the Communist Party of China were not secret before Mao Zedong publicly declared the“leaning to one side”policy in June 1949,and that the U.S.government still attempted to prevent the Sino-Soviet alliance by abandoning Taiwan after Mao’s declaration.However,for the sake of national security as well as the stability of the new regime,the CPC preferred to renew the pact and alliance with the Soviet Union first.In fact,the geopolitical environment of the CPC at the time decided that it could not reconcile with the U.S.,and thus there was no alleged“lost chance”for the United States.

关 键 词：“一边倒” “机会丧失论” 中美关系 中苏同盟 

分 类 号：K271[历史地理—历史学]