FactChain:一个基于区块链的众包知识融合系统  

FactChain:A Blockchain-based Crowdsourcing Knowledge Fusion System

作　　者：朱向荣 吴鸿祜 胡伟[1] ZHU Xiang-Rong;WU Hong-Hu;HU Wei(State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology(Nanjing University),Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]计算机软件新技术国家重点实验室(南京大学),江苏南京210023

出　　处：《软件学报》2022年第10期3546-3564,共19页Journal of Software

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61872172)。

摘　　要：知识图谱作为诸多人工智能应用的关键,受到学术界和工业界的广泛关注.当前的知识图谱一般由特定组织构建并维护,以RDF转储文件或SPARQL查询接口的方式提供知识访问服务,这种中心化的管理方式存在不能持久化访问的弊端.具体来说,一旦服务提供者单点崩溃,用户就无法以可靠的方式获取知识.此外,知识因时效性可能需要更新,不同来源的知识之间可能存在冲突,传统的知识图谱构建维护方式难以有效地处理这些问题.区块链技术以其分布式存储与共识机制,为知识图谱的分布式构建与管理提供了新思路.FactChain是一个基于区块链的知识管理系统,具有为知识的多源共享与融合建立全新的去中心化生态的潜力.使用联盟链作为底层架构,由区块链、组织和参与人这3层结构组成.通过区块链上的智能合约编程实现融合多源冲突知识的真值验证算法,具有在组织层面实现并部署基于分布式应用的参与人管理、在本地局部本体与全局共享本体间建立映射以及结合链上与链下数据响应参与人查询请求等功能.Knowledge graphs(KGs)have drawn massive attention from both academia and industry,and become the backbones of many AI applications.Current KGs are often constructed and maintained by large parties,which provide services in the form of RDF dumps or SPARQL endpoints.This kind of centralized management has inherent drawbacks like non-durable accessibility.Furthermore,some facts in KGs may be outdated or conflicting,and there is no convenient way of resolving them democratically.As an innovative distributed infrastructure,blockchain has many characteristics such as decentralization and consensus,which is of great significance for the construction and management of KGs.This study designs a blockchain-enhanced knowledge management framework called FactChain,which aims to establish a new decentralized ecology for knowledge sharing and fusion.FactChain leverages a consortium architecture containing blockchain,organizations,and participants.The on-chain smart contracts enable the truth discovery algorithm of multiplesource conflicting knowledge.FactChain also supports participant management,mapping between local schemata and global ontology and integration of on/off-chain knowledge based on the decentralized application(DApp)in organizations.

关 键 词：知识图谱 区块链 分布式知识管理 知识融合 

分 类 号：TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]