基因编辑中的人权保护  

Human Rights Protection in Genome Editing

作　　者：石佳友[1] 胡新平 Shi Jiayou;Hu Xinping

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学民商事法律科学研究中心

出　　处：《人权》2022年第5期1-29,共29页Human Rights

基　　金：2019年度司法部国家法治与法学理论研究项目“人类胚胎基因编辑立法研究”(项目批准号:19SFB2035)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：将人权视角引入人类基因组编辑活动的多维度治理之中,有利于为国家、科研人员、伦理委员会成员以及公众等各方利益相关者划定行为边界,同时明确各类主体符合人权义务要求的具体做法。人的尊严原则反对以人作为手段来实现科研目的。身心健康权要求在基因编辑中贯彻知情同意、生命至上和控制风险原则,以及妥善对待胚胎。隐私权对应于相关方的保密义务和不干预义务,个人敏感信息保护指向信息处理活动的特殊合规要求。区别对待经过基因编辑的人应当有客观合理的理由,并且应符合比例原则的要求。Introducing the human rights perspective into the multi-dimensional governance of human genome editing activities helps define boundaries for the behaviors of stakeholders such as the state,researchers,ethics committee members,and the public,and clarify specific practices of these subjects or entities to meet the requirements of human rights obligations.Based on the human dignity principle,humans must never be used as a means to an end in scientific research.The right to physical and mental health requires the implementation of the principles of informed consent,the primacy of life,and risk control in genome editing,as well as the proper treatment of embryos.The right to privacy corresponds to the confidentiality obligations and non-intervention obligations of relevant parties,and the protection of sensitive personal information points to the special compliance requirements regarding information processing.Differential treatment of genome-edited humans requires objective and reasonable justification,and shall also meet the requirements of the proportionality principle.

关 键 词：基因编辑 人的尊严 身心健康权 隐私权 个人信息保护 

分 类 号：D998.2[政治法律—国际法学] D911[政治法律—法学]