耐低湿松毛虫赤眼蜂的筛选及在柞蚕卵内的发育过程  

Screening of Trichogramma dendrolimi under low humidity stress and its development in Antheraea pernyi eggs

作　　者：周莉莉 袁伟宁 张美娇 张新瑞[2] 刘长仲 ZHOU Li-li;YUAN Wei-ning;ZHANG Mei-jiao;ZHANG Xin-rui;LIU Chang-zhong(College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem,Ministry of,Lanzhou 730070,China;Insitituteof Plant Protection,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,rsity/Key Laboratory of,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学植物保护学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所,甘肃省农业害虫天敌工程研究中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2022年第4期115-120,132,共7页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：兰州市人才创新创业项目(2018-RC-115);甘肃省农业科学院农业科技创新专项(2017GAAS23);甘肃省科技重大专项(1062NKDF021)。

摘　　要：松毛虫赤眼蜂(Trichogramma)广泛应用于多种鳞翅目害虫的生物防治,但是西北干旱地区可利用蜂种较少,因此耐低湿松毛虫赤眼蜂的驯化非常必要,同时耐低湿松毛虫赤眼蜂在柞蚕卵内的发育过程研究对其规模化扩繁有重要意义。本研究通过低湿胁迫筛选出耐低湿松毛虫赤眼蜂种系,测定其对柞蚕卵的寄生率和出蜂率,并观察了50%湿度条件下的发育过程。结果表明,松毛虫赤眼蜂的寄生率和出蜂率随相对湿度下降呈降低趋势;且经低湿胁迫处理后,不会导致松毛虫赤眼蜂产生形态上的明显差异。在25±0.5℃条件下,耐低湿松毛虫赤眼蜂在柞蚕卵内的发育历期为10 d,其中卵期30 h,幼虫期24 h,预蛹期72 h,蛹期106 h,在产卵后240 h时,赤眼蜂羽化为成虫,羽化后即在柞蚕卵内完成交配,最后咬破柞蚕卵壳钻出,与70%湿度(对照)无差异。表明低湿胁迫可降低松毛虫赤眼蜂寄生率和出蜂率,但不会导致生长发育和形态上的明显差异。Trichogramma dendrolimi is widely used in biological control of most lepidopteran pests.But there are few available bee species in the arid areas of Northwest China,so the domestication of Trichogramma dendro⁃limi with low humidity tolerance is very necessary.At the same time,the study on the development process of Trichogramma dendrolimi in eggs of tussah is of great significance for its large⁃scale propagation.In order to achieve the application requirements of agriculture,this study selected out a low humidity tolerant strain of T.dendrolimi through low humidity press method,then measured its parasitism rate and bee emergence rate on the eggs of tussah(Antheraea pernyi),and observed the development process under 50%relative humidity condition.The results showed that the parasitism rate and the emergence rate of T.dendrolimi decreased with the decrease of relative hu⁃midity.After the treatment of low humidity stress,the morphology of T.dendrolimi could not be significantly differ⁃ent.Under the condition of(25±0.5)℃,the development period of T.dendrolimi in the egg of tussah was 10 d,including the egg stage of 30 h,larval stage of 24 h,prepupal stage of 72 h,and pupal stage of 106 h.At 240h after oviposition,T.dendrolimi emerged into an adult,and mating was completed in the egg of tussah,finally bitted on tussah eggs shell and get out.The whole process was same to nature individuals with 70%humidity(control).In conclusion,low humidity stress can reduce the parasitism rate and emergence rate of T.dendrolimi,but does not lead to significant differences in individual growth,development and morphology.

关 键 词：低湿胁迫 松毛虫赤眼蜂 发育过程柞蚕卵 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]