蔬菜秸秆生物炭对日光温室黄瓜连作土壤性状及植株生长的影响  

Effects of Vegetable Straw Biochar on Soil Properties and Plant Growth of Continuously Cropped Cucumber in Solar Greenhouse

作　　者：娄洁 何明霞 李晓甜 陈晓璐[1] 张大龙 魏珉[1,3] LOU Jie;HE Mingxia;LI Xiaotian;CHEN Xiaolu;ZHANG Dalong;WEI Min(College of Horticultural Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an,Shandong 271018,China;Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in Mudan District,Heze,Shandong 274000,China;Scientifie Observing and Experimental Station of Environment Controlled Agricultural Engineering in Huang-Huai-Hai Region,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tai'an,Shandong 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018 [2]山东省菏泽市牡丹区农业农村局,山东菏泽274000 [3]农业农村部黄淮海设施农业工程科学观测实验站,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2022年第10期40-43,48,共5页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2019YFD1001903);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-23)。

摘　　要：为探明不同蔬菜秸秆生物炭对日光温室连作土壤的改良效果,采用盆栽试验,研究了番茄(F)、甜椒(T)、茄子(Q)3种秸秆生物炭及其不同用量(风干土壤质量的2.5%、5%、7.5%)对黄瓜连作土壤性状及植株生长的影响。结果表明:3种蔬菜秸秆生物炭均能够提高土壤pH和EC值,增加土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量,增强土壤蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶活性;适宜用量的蔬菜秸秆生物炭可以促进连作黄瓜生长,提高根系活力、叶片光合速率以及POD、SOD和CAT活性;相同用量下,甜椒秸秆生物炭改良黄瓜连作土壤的效果最好,茄子秸秆生物炭效果较差;相同秸秆生物炭,番茄秸秆生物炭用量2.5%、甜椒和茄子秸秆生物炭用量5%改良黄瓜连作土壤的效果较好。综合评价,甜椒秸秆生物炭按照土壤质量比的5%施用可有效改良黄瓜连作土壤。In order to investigate the improvement effects of different vegetable straw biochar on cucumber continuously cropped soil in solar greenhouse,a pot experiment was carried out by applying straw biochar of tomato(F),sweet pepper(T)and eggplant(Q)at different dosages(2.5%,5%,7.5%of air-dried soil mass).The results showed that straw biochar from three kinds of vegetable straw could raise soil pH and EC,increase content of soil organic matter,alkaline nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium,enhance activity of soil sucrase and catalase;Application of vegetable straw biochar at proper rate could promote growth of continuously cropped cucumber,strengthen root viability,leaf photosynthetic rate and activity of POD,SOD and CAT;At the same dosage,sweet pepper straw biochar had best improvement effect on continuously cropped soil,while eggplant straw biochar was the worst;For the same straw biochar,tomato at dosage of 2.5%and sweet pepper and eggplant at dosage of 5%significantly improved cucumber continuously cropped soil.In conclusion,the application of sweet pepper straw biochar at 5%of soil mass effectively improves continuously cropped soil of cucumber.

关 键 词：秸秆生物炭 黄瓜 连作障碍 土壤改良 生长 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学] S642.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]