地震分辨率思考与高分辨率勘探对策  

Thought about seismic resolution and countermeasures of high-resolution seismic exploration

作　　者：云美厚[1] 赵秋芳[1] 李晓斌[1] YUN Meihou;ZHAO Qiufang;Li Xiaobin(Institute of Resources&Environment,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo,Henan 454003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学资源环境学院,河南焦作454003

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2022年第5期1250-1262,I0012,共14页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“矿山动力灾害预警多波多分量微地震监测理论与正反演方法研究”(41772375)资助。

摘　　要：地震分辨率问题一直引领着地震勘探技术的发展方向。在分析地震分辨率与信噪比关系基础上,明确了地震资料品质定量表征方法。在剖析地震资料解释极限基础上,定义了地震地质解释能力作为地震资料实际可解释地质细节的能力。厘定了高分辨率地震勘探和高精度地震勘探的概念及差异。分析了影响地震分辨率的各种因素,并将其划分为地震子波内在因素和外在(地震、地质)因素两类。从地震采集、处理和解释三个方面阐述了提高分辨率的技术途径和未来发展方向。Seismic resolution has been leading the development of seismic exploration technology.On the basis of analyzing the relationship between seismic resolution and signal-to-noise ratio,this paper clarifies the quantitative method to characterize seismic data quality.After analyzing the seismic data interpretation limit,it defines seismic geological interpretability as the ability of seismic data to interpret geological details.The concepts and differences between high-resolution and high-precision seismic exploration are defined.Additionally,the factors affecting seismic resolution are analyzed and divided into internal factors of seismic wavelet and external factors of seismic exploration method and geological conditions.The technical approaches to improve the resolution and the future development direction are described from three aspects of seismic acquisition,processing,and interpretation.

关 键 词：分辨率 信噪比 保真度 地震资料品质 高分辨率地震勘探 高精度地震勘探 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]