基于多目标不确定性机会约束规划的矿区水资源配置研究  

Water resources allocation in mining areas based on multi-objective uncertain chance-constrained programming

作　　者：张真 张光明[1,2] 张盼月 ZHANG Zhen;ZHANG Guangming;ZHANG Panyue(School of Environment&Natural Resources,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;School of Energy and Environmental Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China;College of Environmental Science&Engineering,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学环境学院,北京100872 [2]河北工业大学能源与环境工程学院,天津300401 [3]北京林业大学环境科学与工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《水资源与水工程学报》2022年第5期53-61,共9页Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0504400)。

摘　　要：以矿区水资源配置系统为研究对象,针对矿区生态恢复过程水资源配置的多目标、模糊、不确定性的特点,构建多目标不确定性机会约束规划模型对矿区水资源进行优化配置。基于生态优先的配水原则,以碳排放最小化目标代替传统的污染物排放量最小化目标,兼顾碳排放最小化、系统经济效益最大化以及缺水量最小化,建立矿区生态环境-经济社会-水资源协调发展的多目标模型,统筹分配地下水、地表水、矿井水以及再生水。对实际情况中的不确定性因素采用区间参数的方法表示,并通过遗传算法对模型进行求解,得到合理的水资源配置方案。将模型应用于宁夏回族自治区羊场湾矿区,结果表明:以碳排放为目标的不确定性机会约束规划多目标模型能够很好地统筹矿区经济发展目标与水资源节约目标,配置方案可保证各个用水部门的需水满足度达到100%,而以污染物排放量为目标的优化方案存在区域缺水的情况。系统可带来年碳净吸收量(CO_(2))为533.7~702.4 t,预期年经济效益为162.3×10^(4)~163.7×10^(4)元,区域年供水富余量为43.5×10^(4)~49.7×10^(4) m^(3)。研究结果一方面可为羊场湾矿区尽快实现绿色矿山提供理论支撑,另一方面也可为其他干旱地区煤矿区的水资源配置和规划提供参考。The ecological restoration process of mining areas are facing the problem of multi-objective,fuzzy and uncertain water resources allocation.With the water resources allocation system of the mining area as the research object,a multi-objective uncertain chance-constrained programming(MUCC)model was constructed to optimize the allocation of water resources in mining areas.Based on the water allocation principle of ecological priority,the conventional goal of minimizing pollutant emissions is replaced by minimizing carbon emissions,with the consideration of minimizing carbon emissions,maximizing the economic benefits of the system and minimizing water shortage,a multi-objective model for the coordinated development of ecological eco-environment,social economy and water resources in mining areas is established for the integrated allocation of groundwater,surface water,mine water and reclaimed water.The uncertainties in the actual situation are represented by interval parameters,and the model is solved by genetic algorithm(GA),so as to obtain a reasonable water allocation scheme.The model was then applied to the study of Yangchangwan mining area,Ningxia.The results show that this model can well coordinate the targets of economic development and water conservation of the mining area,and the allocation scheme can ensure that the water demand of each water-using sector is 100%satisfied,whereas the optimized scheme with pollutant emission as the target can only cause regional water shortage.The system can bring a net carbon(CO_(2))absorption of 533.7-702.4 t,an expected economic benefit of 1623.0×10^(3)-1637.4×10^(3) yuan,and a regional water supply surplus of 435×10^(3)-497×10^(3) m^(3).The research results can provide a theoretical support for the quick realization of green mines in Yangchangwan mining area,and also some guidance for the water resources allocation and programming in coal mining areas in other arid regions.

关 键 词：多目标不确定性机会约束规划 遗传算法 矿区水资源配置 碳排放 矿区生态恢复 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]