面向2035年的海河流域水安全保障战略研究  

Strategy for Assuring Water Security in the Haihe River Basin by 2035

作　　者：朱婷婷 侯立安[1,2] 童银栋 刘轶文[1] 李宁 赵迎新 陈冠益 Zhu Tingting;Hou Li’an;Tong Yindong;Liu Yiwen;Li Ning;Zhao Yingxin;Chen Guanyi(School of Environmental Science&Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;High Tech Institute of Beijing,Beijing 100085,China;College of Science,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China;Tianjin University of Commerce,Tianjin 300134,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300072 [2]北京高新技术研究所,北京100085 [3]西藏大学理学院,拉萨850000 [4]天津商业大学,天津300134

出　　处：《中国工程科学》2022年第5期26-33,共8页Strategic Study of CAE

基　　金：中国工程院咨询项目“面向生态文明建设的水安全保障战略研究”(2021-XBDZ-05);国家自然科学基金项目(42122059)。

摘　　要：实现海河流域水安全是“美丽中国”生态文明建设的重要组成部分、国家高质量发展的重大战略需求。本文着眼海河流域水安全保障的发展需求,分析了现阶段海河流域在水资源、水环境、水生态、水灾害方面存在的问题,基于数据模拟预测了2035年海河流域水安全发展趋势;据此提出了海河流域水安全保障的总体构思:对照“十四五”时期的治水目标,落实“有河有水、有鱼有草、人水和谐”治水方针,突出水资源承载力在水安全保障方面的重要作用,通过强化水生态保护措施来提高海河流域的水安全保障能力。从科技角度出发,提出水资源节约和高效利用新策略,保障饮用水安全并提升水治理能力,构建“人水和谐”的水生态格局并保障水生态健康,建立水灾害预测与应对机制;着重发展水资源系统调配与高效利用、水环境质量改善与综合治理、流域生态治理与修复、水灾害防控与应急等能力,高质量建成海河流域水安全保障体系。Water security in the Haihe River Basin is an important component of China’s ecological civilization and is vital for high quality national development of the country.Considering the development requirement for water security in the Haihe River Basin,we analyzed the problems regarding water security assurance from the perspectives of water resources,water environment,water ecology,and flood disasters.Subsequently,we predicted the development trend of water security in the Haihe River Basin by 2035 through data simulation.On this basis,an overall idea was proposed,that is,assuring water security in the Haihe River Basin by reinforcing measures for protecting water ecology,and highlighting the role of water resources carrying capacity.Focus should be placed on developing capacities regarding(1)systematic allocation and efficient utilization of water resources,(2)comprehensive improvement in water environment,(3)governance and restoration of basin ecology,and(4)prevention and emergency response of flood disasters.Furthermore,we proposed the following suggestions from a technological perspective:(1)implementing new strategies for the conservation and efficient utilization of water resources,(2)ensuring drinking water safety and improving water governance capacities,(3)establishing a water ecological pattern that features people-water harmony,and(4)developing a flood disaster prediction and response mechanism.

关 键 词：海河流域 水安全 水资源 水环境 水生态 水灾害 

分 类 号：X-1[环境科学与工程]