差厚激光拼焊板前纵梁全工序成形回弹控制及优化  

Springback control and optimization on full process forming of front longitudinal beam of differential thickness laser tailor welded blanks

作　　者：金明[1] 杨平[2] Jin Ming;Yang Ping(School of Vehicle Engineering,Chongqing Industry Polytechnic College,Chongqing 401120,China;College of Intelligent Manufacturing and Automobile,Chongqing Technology and Business Institute,Chongqing 401520,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆工业职业技术学院车辆工程学院,重庆401120 [2]重庆工商职业学院智能制造与汽车学院,重庆401520

出　　处：《锻压技术》2022年第10期103-111,共9页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJQN202103209);2019重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJQN201904001)。

摘　　要：针对激光拼焊板冲压成形过程中变形复杂、易出现回弹和拉裂等缺陷的问题,以某型汽车激光拼焊板前纵梁为研究对象,提出了基于克里金预测模型和NSGA-II多目标遗传算法相结合的优化策略,并对该前纵梁进行了优化验证。结果表明,克里金模型能够精确地预测优化变量与优化指标之间的非线性关系,并且对其趋势预测准确。此外,采用NSGA-II多目标遗传算法得到了帕累托最优前沿解集,从该解集中选出了满足不发生破裂的前提下回弹量最小的解,并通过数值仿真和实验验证了最优解的回弹量相较于优化前降低了50%,且表面光滑、无破裂发生。优化效果表明,所提出的优化策略能够显著降低回弹量,并且能够保证冲压零件无破裂、起皱等缺陷。Aiming at the problems of complex deformation,easy to appear springback,cracking and other defects in the stamping process of laser tailor welded blanks,for the front longitudinal beam of an automobile laser tailor welded blanks,an optimization strategy based on Kriging prediction model and NSGA-II multi-objective genetic algorithm was proposed,and the front longitudinal beam was optimized and verified.The results show that Kriging model can accurately predict the nonlinear relationship between optimization variables and optimization indexes,and its trend prediction is accurate.In addition,the Pareto optimal frontier solution set is obtained by NSGA-II multi-objective genetic algorithm,and the solution with the minimum springback amount and without fracture is selected from the solution set.Numerical simulation and experiments show that the springback amount of the optimal solution is reduced by 50%compared with that before optimization,and the surface is smooth without fracture.The optimization results show that the optimization strategy can significantly reduce the springback amount and ensure that the stamping parts have no defects such as fracture and wrinkling.

关 键 词：回弹控制 冲压成形 激光拼焊板 克里金预测模型 多目标遗传算法 

分 类 号：TG386[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]