1982—2020年气候变化下草原内陆河流域植被响应特征及其对径流的影响  

Response Characteristics of Steppe Inland River Basins under Climate Change and Its Impact on Runoff from 1982—2020

作　　者：陈红光 孟凡浩 萨楚拉[1,2,3] 罗敏 王牧兰 CHEN Hongguang;MENG Fanhao;SA Chula;LUO Min;WANG Mulan(College of Geographical Science,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China;Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot 010022,China;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Disaster and Ecological Security on the Mongolian Plateau,Hohhot 010022,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010022 [2]内蒙古自治区遥感与地理信息系统重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010022 [3]内蒙古自治区蒙古高原草原灾害与生态安全重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《人民珠江》2022年第10期10-17,49,共9页Pearl River

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2020BS03042、2020BS04009);国家自然科学基金项目(41861014)。

摘　　要：以内蒙古乌拉盖河流域为研究区,基于1982—2020年的水文气象数据以及归一化植被指数(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index,NDVI),采用Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)水文模型以及统计分析法,分析了气候变化背景下乌拉盖河流域植被响应特征及其对径流量的影响。结果表明:SWAT模型在乌拉盖河流域的适用性良好,率定期及验证期的Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数(NSE)及判定系数(R~2)均在0.62以上,相对误差(PBLAS)小于18.8%。近40年流域降水量以8.9 mm/10a的速率呈不显著减少,而温度和实际蒸散量分别以0.43℃/10a和2.8 mm/10a的速率增加,使流域呈暖干化趋势。在流域气候暖干化背景下植被呈好转趋势,而气候变化和植被恢复共同导致流域径流深的减少。研究结果能够为干旱、半干旱区内陆河流域生态保护及水资源的可持续利用提供参考依据。Based on hydro-meteorological data and normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) from 1982 to 2020,this paper studies the Wulagai River basin in Inner Mongolia and analyzes the vegetation response characteristics of the basin under climate change and its impact on runoff by adopting a hydrological model of soil and water assessment tool(SWAT) and statistical analysis method.The results show that the SWAT model has good applicability in the basin.The Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient(NSE) and coefficient of determination(R~2) are larger than 0.62 in both regular and validation periods,and the relative error(PBLAS) is less than 18.8%.In the last 40 years,precipitation in the basin decreased slowly at a rate of 8.9 mm/10 a,while temperature and actual evapotranspiration increased at a rate of 0.43°C/10 a and 2.8 mm/10 a,respectively,which indicates that the basin is becoming warm and dry.As the basin climate gets warm and dry,the vegetation recovers and grows vigorously.As a result,climate change and vegetation recovery lead to a reduced runoff depth of the basin.The study results can provide a reference for ecological conservation and sustainable utilization of water resources of inland river basins in arid and semi-arid regions.

关 键 词：气候变化 植被 径流 草原流域 SWAT 

分 类 号：TV121[水利工程—水文学及水资源]