大藤峡运行后东塔产卵场鱼类繁殖期水量调度控制指标研究  

Control Index for Water Regulation in Fish Breeding Season for Dongta Spawning Ground after Operation of Datengxia Gorge Water Conservancy Project

作　　者：刘丽诗 王丽 葛晓霞 谭细畅 LIU Lishi;WANG Li;GE Xiaoxia;TAN Xichang(Scientific Institute of Pearl River Water Resources Protection,Guangzhou 510611,China;Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources,Pearl River Water Resources Commission,Guangzhou 510611,China)

机构地区：[1]珠江水资源保护科学研究所,广东广州510611 [2]水利部珠江水利委员会水文水资源局,广东广州510611

出　　处：《人民珠江》2022年第10期113-119,共7页Pearl River

基　　金：国家科技基础资源调查专项项目(2019FY101900);水利部水生态安全保障人才创新团队项目(WR0145B022021)。

摘　　要：大藤峡水利枢纽运行后,改变下游河道水文节律,可能对其下游约10 km的东塔产卵场功能产生一定影响。为维系东塔鱼类产卵场的正常功能,需研究分析鱼类产卵所需的水文节律过程,并以此作为控制指标实施水库生态调度来恢复河道生态环境。根据近十几年鱼类早期资源和水文观测数据,采用灰关联度、线性回归等不同统计方法分析东塔产卵场鱼类早期资源量与水文特征值的相关关系,结合西江流域生态调度实践经验,提出大藤峡水利枢纽鱼类繁殖期水量调度控制指标要求:在每年的5—7月通过大藤峡水利枢纽的调度,当大湟江口断面流量达到3 500 m~3/s以上时,控制其涨水历时不少于4 d、涨水阶段的日涨率达到1 000 m~3/s以上,退水天数不小于3 d、退水阶段的流量控制在3 500 m~3/s以上,每年调度频次不少于1次。研究成果可为大藤峡水利枢纽鱼类繁殖期调度期间最大限度发挥东塔鱼类产卵场功能提供技术参考。After the operation of the Datengxia Gorge water conservancy project,the change in the hydrological rhythm of the downstream river channel may have a certain impact on the function of the Dongta spawning ground about 10 km downstream.To maintain the normal function of the Dongta spawning ground,we should analyze the hydrological rhythm process required for fish spawning and use it as a control index to implement ecological regulation of reservoirs and thus restore the ecological environment of river channels.According to the observation data of early fish resources and hydrology over the past dozen years,the correlation between early fish resources and hydrological characteristic values in the Dongta spawning ground is analyzed by different statistical methods such as grey relational analysis and linear regression.In combination with the practical experience of ecological regulation in the Xijiang River Basin,the control index requirements for water regulation during the fish breeding period by the Datengxia Gorge water conservancy project are put forward.Specifically,by the regulation of the Datengxia Gorge water conservancy project from May to July every year,when the section flow rate of Dahuangjiangkou exceeds 3 500 m~3/s,the water rise duration shall be no less than four days,with the daily rise rate in the water rise stage of more than 1 000 m~3/s.The time for water to recede shall be no less than three days,and the flow rate in the water recession stage shall be above 3 500 m~3/s.The regulation shall be performed at least once each year.The research results can provide a technical reference for maximizing the function of the Dongta spawning ground in the fish breeding period by the regulation of the Datengxia Gorge water conservancy project.

关 键 词：鱼类产卵场 水量调度 生态水文 大藤峡水利枢纽 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源] TV698[农业科学—水产科学]