The Spatio-temporal Patterns of Macro Benthos Functional Groups and the Associated Factors Affecting Them after Wetland Restoration  

湿地修复后大型底栖动物功能群的时空格局及其影响因素分析

作　　者：WANG Maoqiu HU Yang HE Ning WU Mingxuan WU Pengling WANG Qinyi ZHANG Bolun ZHANG Shengle GAO Meihua FANG Shubo 汪茂秋;胡阳;何宁;吴铭轩;武鹏玲;王沁怡;张伯伦;张生乐;高美华;方淑波(上海海洋大学海洋生态与环境学院,上海201306;上海海洋大学水环境与生态工程研究中心,上海201306)

机构地区：[1]College of Marine Ecology and Environment,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China [2]Research Center of Water Environment&Ecological Engineering,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China

出　　处：《Journal of Resources and Ecology》2022年第6期1152-1164,共13页资源与生态学报（英文版）

基　　金：The National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC0506002);The Foundation of Shanghai Marine Environmental Monitoring Center (MEMRT202003)。

摘　　要：This study examines how the spatiotemporal patterns of functional groups of macro benthos responded to coastal wetland restoration projects. Compared with the traditional single-species approach, methods for identifying functional groups of macro benthos more comprehensively reflect the states of the wetland, i.e., spatiotemporal patterns and the related influencing factors. In this study, the macro benthos samples, soil samples, and plant samples were collected at each same sample site in April, July, and October of 2017 and January of 2018. After classification of the macro benthos functional groups according to some traits, the factors influencing the functional groups were examined by a linear stepwise regression. The results showed that all macro benthos were classified into 11 different functional groups based on their traits of forms of locomotion, feeding habits, and food gathering methods. The semi-mobile suspensivores(FDX), semi-mobile surface detritivores(SDX), and Jawed mobile carnivores(CMJ) were the main groups observed in a year. Regression analysis showed that particle size,moisture content, and plant height were important common factors influencing most groups. The main influencing factor of FDX was particle size(P=0.020). Moisture content(P=0.004), plant cover degree(P=0.008), and particle size(P=0.032) comprised the main restrictions of SDX in summer. Soil salinity(P=0.040) and plant height(P=0.011)were the factors influencing CMJ in autumn and winter. This study shows the changing characteristics of macro benthos functional groups to promote coastal wetland restoration and future biogeomorphological studies.大型底栖动物功能群的时空格局对湿地修复工程的响应方式及影响因素是湿地修复领域研究的一个热点问题。与传统的单一物种分类方式相比较,功能群的研究方式能更加全面地反映湿地的演化状态及格局分异。研究在2017年的4月、7月、10月和2018年的1月采集了大型底栖动物、土壤及植物样本,在底栖生物功能群划分的基础上,采用逐步回归方法分析了功能群的时空格局变化其影响因素。结果表明,根据运动方式、取食习性和食物收集方式等性状,研究区域的底栖动物可以被分成11种有效功能群。半运动悬浮物食者(FDX)、半运动表面碎屑食者(SDX)、运动以颚肉食者(CMJ)是一年中观察到的三种主要功能群。回归分析表明,土壤粒径、水分含量、植物高度是多数功能群的共同影响因素。其中半运动悬浮物食者(FDX)功能群的主要影响因素是土壤粒径(P=0.002);夏季半运动表面碎屑食者(SDX)功能群的主要影响因素是水分含量(P=0.004)、植物覆盖度(P=0.008)、土壤粒径(P=0.032);秋冬季节运动以颚肉食者(CMJ)功能群的主要影响因素是土壤盐度(P=0.040)、植物高度(P=0.011)。本研究对理解生态修复工程后的湿地状态演变及演化机理提供了理论基础,对未来的生物地貌研究提供了机理支撑。

关 键 词：functional groups macro benthos spatiotemporal patterns biogeomorphological index wetlands restoration 

分 类 号：X37[环境科学与工程—环境工程] Q958.8[生物学—动物学]