融入全球价值链与中国制造业出口技术水平  

Research on the relationship between integration into GVCs and the technical level of China's manufacturing export

作　　者：高运胜[1] 郑乐凯 李之旭 Gao Yunsheng;Zheng Lekai;Li Zhixu(School of International Business,Shanghai University of International Business and Economics,Shanghai 201620,China;Shanghai Gold Exchange,Shanghai 200001,China;School of Economics,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]上海对外经贸大学国际经贸学院,上海201620 [2]上海黄金交易所,上海200001 [3]厦门大学经济学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《科研管理》2022年第9期58-66,共9页Science Research Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目:“制造业服务化对我国价值链升级的指标测度、形成机理及效应分析研究”(19CJY025,2019.07—2022.12);国家自然科学基金面上项目:“多时空尺度下区域经济边界效应测度模型、变化机理与影响机制研究”(71874106,2018.07—2021.12)。

摘　　要：中国制造业通过融入全球生产网络快速发展,但是仍然依赖国外中间品与零部件的大量投入,被长期锁定在加工装配环节,出口产品技术水平存在“虚高”现象。因此融入全球价值链与真实出口技术水平的关系值得进一步探究。论文采用WIOD2000—2014年连续数据测算了中国制造业垂直专业化分工水平,基于改进的国内增加值出口复杂度指标来度量中国制造业出口技术水平,对于全球价值链嵌入对制造业出口技术水平的影响进行实证检验。结果表明:融入全球价值链是出口技术水平提升的重要因素,但是中国人力资本和制造业缺乏有机结合,可能存在“资源竞争”。细分行业要素密集度分析,劳动和资本密集型行业出口技术复杂度随价值链嵌入程度提升,而在技术密集型行业这种影响并不显著,存在一定程度的价值链低端锁定效应。论文从“多极化”发展、有机结合人力资本、摆脱路径依赖几个方面提出政策建议。Since its reform and opening-up,especially its accession to the WTO,China has rapidly integrated into the global production network with the advantage of labor force.However,the core high-tech intermediates in China's manufacturing industry still need to be imported.China's manufacturing industry may be"solidified"in the processing and assembly links with low value added for a long time,and the technical level of export products may be overestimated.Therefore,the relationship between integration into global value chain and real export sophistication deserves further exploration.By analyzing the impact of integration into the global value chain on the technical level of export products in manufacturing industry,we can understand the status of global value chain and real trade benefits from the perspective of commodity technology structure.It is of great significance for improving product technology and domestic value added and adjusting the industrial structure in the global production network.This paper analyzes the influence mechanism,and finds that vertical specialization has an impact on the technical level of export products through technology spillover effect,productivity and competitiveness enhancement effect,and cost effect.High quality intermediate input helps downstream sectors to absorb and improve relevant technologies,and the feedback from downstream sectors also helps the suppliers optimize technologies.Participation in vertical specialization focuses on different links of the value chain based on the scarcity of factors.Through three aspects of production,technology and market,it acts on factor accumulation,technology spillover and market expansion,and ultimately improves productivity and international competitiveness.In terms of cost,vertical specialization promotes the scale and standardization of production.Cost sharing can relatively reduce the cost of information exchange,transportation,management and other aspects,simplify the supervision,transaction and other complex processes,and further pro

关 键 词：垂直专业化分工 出口复杂度 国内增加值 人力资本 

分 类 号：F752.62[经济管理—国际贸易]