基于积极老龄化背景下农村老年人老化期望现状及影响因素研究  

Current status and influencing factors of expectations regarding aging of rural seniors under the background of active aging

作　　者：宋明方 张婉 向平[1] 罗冰彬 张轩 王冬华[1] SONG Ming-fang;ZHANG Wan;XIANG Ping;LUO Bing-bin;ZHANG Xuan;WANG Dong-hua(School of Nursing,Changsha Medical University,Changsha,Hunan 410219,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙医学院护理学院,湖南410219

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2022年第19期3542-3546,3564,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2021年湖南省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(湘教通[2021]197号-一般项目-3892);2020年湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目(20A058)。

摘　　要：目的调查农村老年人老化期望现状与影响因素。方法采取便利抽样法,选取湖南省6个农村共443名老年人作为调查对象,应用老化期望量表、感知年龄歧视调查表、老年人夫妻依恋问卷(修订版)、一般疏离感量表进行调查,并通过单因素、相关性与多因素分析,探讨影响农村老年人老化期望的相关因素。结果农村老年人老化期望总分为67.00(61.00,74.00)分,依恋安全与老化期望呈正相关(r=0.587,P<0.01),感知年龄歧视、依恋焦虑、依恋回避、疏离感与老化期望呈负相关(-0.477<r<-0.203,P<0.01),子女性别、个人月收入、感知年龄歧视、依恋安全、疏离感为老化期望的影响因素(F=91.594,P<0.001)。结论农村老年人老化期望受多种因素影响,应当从影响因素出发进行干预,以期降低农村老年人老化期望水平。Objective To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of expectation regarding aging of rural seniors.Methods By using the method of convenient sampling,437 seniors from 6 villages in Hunan Province were selected as the subjects of the survey.The Aging Expectation Scale,Perceived Ageism Questionnaire,Senior Martial Attachment Questionnaire(revised version)and Alienation Scale were used to investigate,and then single factor,correlation and multi-factor analysis were used to explore the relevant factors affecting the aging expectation of the rural elderly.Results The score of expectation regarding aging of rural seniors was 67.00(61.00,74.00).Attachment safety was positively correlated with aging expectation(r=0.58,P<0.001,while perceived age discrimination,attachment anxiety,attachment avoidance and alienation were negatively correlated with aging expectation(-0.477<r<-0.203,P<0.001).Gender of children,personal monthly income,perceived ageism,attachment security and alienation were the influencing factors of expectation regarding aging(F=91.594,P<0.001).Conclusion The aging expectation of the rural seniors is affected by many factors,which should be intervened from the influencing factors in order to reduce the aging expectation level of the rural seniors.

关 键 词：老年人 农村 积极老龄化 老化期望 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]