风电场建设前后近地面湍流强度变化特征  

Characteristics of Near Surface Turbulence Intensity before and after Wind Farm Construction

作　　者：夏馨 余晔 董龙翔[1,3,4] 陈可仁 赵果 张彤 马兴悦[6] XIA Xin;YU Ye;DONG Longxiang;CHEN Keren;ZHAO Guo;ZHANG Tong;MA Xingyue(Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Aird Regions,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Pingliang Land Surface Process and Severe Weather Research Station,Pingliang 744015,Gansu,China;Gansu Land Surface Process and Severe Weather Observation and Research Station,Pingliang 744015,Gansu,China;Longyuan(Beijing)Wind Power Engineering Design Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100034,China;Key Laboratory of West China's Environmental System(Ministry of Education),College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院/寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院平凉陆面过程与灾害天气观测研究站,甘肃平凉744015 [4]甘肃省陆面过程与灾害天气野外科学观测研究站,甘肃平凉744015 [5]龙源(北京)风电工程设计咨询有限公司,北京100034 [6]兰州大学资源环境学院西部环境教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《高原气象》2022年第4期1062-1073,共12页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB1502801);甘肃省科技计划项目(18JR2RA005)。

摘　　要：风电场对大气边界层结构特别是湍流特性的影响是能源气象领域关注的一个重要课题。以河北省尚义县麒麟山风电场为研究对象,选取该风电场内70 m测风塔2006-2019年数据完整且连续性较好的每年5月的测风数据,将观测时段分为风电场建成前(2006-2009年)和风电场建成后(2010-2019年),对比分析了有无风电场近地面湍流强度的差异。结果表明:风电场建成后湍流强度向高值区偏移,即近地面湍流增强,并且夜间湍流强度增加程度比白天大。湍流强度随风速的增加有减小的趋势,风电场建成后,70 m湍流强度显著增加的风速区间夜间为4~15 m·s^(-1),白天为4~14 m·s^(-1);50 m湍流强度显著增加的风速区间夜间为3~15 m·s^(-1),白天为3~12 m·s^(-1)。风电场运行使湍流强度在昼夜均有增加,白天各时刻50 m湍流强度增加程度均稍大于70 m,夜间70 m湍流强度增加程度大于50 m,最高可增加121%,风电场建成运行后,50 m和70 m湍流强度差异减小,白天和夜间湍流强度差异减小。The influence of wind farms on atmospheric boundary layer structures,especially turbulence characteristics,is an important topic in the field of wind energy meteorology.Taking Qilinshan Wind Farm in Shangyi County,Hebei Province as the research object,this paper explores the effect of wind farm operation on turbulence intensity using long-term(2006-2019)wind data from 70 m and 50 m of a 70 m-wind tower in the wind farm.May of each year was selected for analysis considering the consistency and complement of the data.A comparative analysis of turbulence intensities before(2006-2009)and after(2010-2019)the wind farm construction is conducted.The results show that the turbulence intensity shifted to higher values,i.e.,the turbulence increased,after the construction of the wind farm,with the turbulence intensity increased more during night than that during the day.Turbulence intensity decreased with the increase of wind speed.The operation of wind farm increased the turbulence intensity significantly when wind speed was in 4~15 m·s^(-1) for 70 m,and 3~12 m·s^(-1) for 50 m.Turbulence intensity had obvious diurnal variation.The operation of wind farm increased the turbulence intensity both during the day and night.The increase of turbulence intensity at 50 m was slightly greater than that at 70 m during the day,but was lower than that at 70 m during night,which made the turbulence intensity difference between the two layers and between day and night decreased after the wind farm construction.

关 键 词：风电场 测风塔 大气边界层 湍流强度 日变化 

分 类 号：P425[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]