混交对桉树林地土壤酸度及微生物多样性的影响  

Effects of Interbreeding on Soil Acidity and Microbial Diversity in Eucalyptus Forest Land

作　　者：冯锦波 Feng Jinbo(Guangdong Yunfu Forest Farm,Yunfu,Guangdong 527400,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省云浮林场,广东云浮527400

出　　处：《绿色科技》2022年第18期65-68,共4页Journal of Green Science and Technology

摘　　要：土壤酸化是桉树人工林地力衰退的一个重要因素,土壤微生物与土壤发生、发育密切相关。而混交能有效改善土壤理化性质。以枯落物量大、氮归还量高、土壤改良效果较好的红锥为混交树种,以桉树纯林为对照,试验研究了5∶1、1∶1、3∶3三种不同混交比例桉树×红锥混交林土壤酸度及微生物多样性变化。结果表明:5∶1混交比例对土壤酸度及微生物多样性无显著影响,而在1∶1、3∶3混交比例下,土壤pH值上升,交换性H^(+)、Al_(3)^(+)、NH_(4)^(+)含量增加,NO_(3)^(-)含量减少,微生物代谢活性增强、丰富度指数与多样性指数升高。分析指出了以行间或带状桉树、红锥等比混交方式,林地土壤酸度下降,土壤微生物多样性增加。考虑到生产中操作简便性,建议以3∶3混交比例进行桉树×红锥混交林营建。Soil acidification is an important factor in the decline of Eucalyptus plantation,and soil microorganisms are closely related to soil occurrence and development.Interbreeding can effectively improve soil physical and chemical properties.In this experiment,the Castanopsis with a large amount of litter,high nitrogen return and good soil improvement effect was used as the interbreeding tree species,and the pure Eucalyptus forest was used as the control.Three different interbreeding ratios of 5∶1,1∶1 and 3∶3 on Eucalyptus and Castanopsis were analyzed to study soil acidity and microbial diversity.The results showed that the interbreeding ratio of 5∶1 had no significant effect on soil acidity and microbial diversity,but under the interbreeding ratio of 1∶1 and 3∶3,soil pH value increased;exchangeable H^(+),Al_(3)^(+)and NH_(4)^(+) content increased;NO_(3)^(-) content decreased;microbial metabolic activity increased;richness index and diversity index increased.The results showed that the soil acidity decreased and the soil microbial diversity increased in the interbreeding mode of row or band Eucalyptus and Castanopsis.In consideration of the simplicity of operation in production,it is suggested that an interbreeding forest of Eucalyptus and Castanopsis should be planted at a ratio of 3∶3.

关 键 词：桉树 混交 套种 氮 磷 

分 类 号：S792.39[农业科学—林木遗传育种]