环境健康风险体系评价——以X湖水体富营养化评价为例  

Risk System Evaluation of Environmental Health—Taking the Evaluation and Cause Analysis of Eutrophication in Lake X as an Example

作　　者：佟玲玲[1] 赖洲扬 Tong Lingling;Lai Zhouyang(Changsha Normal University,Changsha,Hunan 410100,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙师范学院,湖南长沙410100

出　　处：《绿色科技》2022年第18期114-118,124,共6页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：湖南省社科基金(编号:21WTC33);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(编号:21C1637)。

摘　　要：基于开展湖水环境健康风险评价的目的,以X湖水体富营养化情况的评价为例,用钼酸铵分光光度法测定了水中的总磷含量和纳氏试剂分光光度法测定了水中氨氮的含量。结果表明:整个X湖沿线已属于中营养阶段,从采样点三至采样点五之间为中营养水体,其采样点一和采样点二处的污染状况基本相同属中营养化水体,氨氮各点均小于1,故没有超标现象。为此,提出了湖南地区存在的水体污染途径为农田化肥、畜牧粪便、污水灌溉、城镇的地表径流、水体人工养殖等,针对水体富营养化的污染源不同,其治理方式也各有优劣,既要结合当地的自然条件和具体的富营养化状况,控制外源性营养物质输入,又要减少内源性营养物质负荷,从多方面综合考虑实行措施。The purpose of this paper is to establish an environmental health risk assessment system,taking the assessment of the eutrophication of Lake X as an example.The total phosphorus content in water was determined by ammonium molybdate spectrophotometry and the content of ammonia nitrogen in water was determined by Nahler's reagent spectrophotometry.The results show that the whole line of Lake X belongs to the intermediate trophic stage,and the water body from sampling point 3 to sampling point 5 is intermediate trophic water body.The pollution status of sampling point 1 and sampling point 2 is basically the same,belonging to the intermediate trophic water body,and the ammonia nitrogen at each point is less than 1,so there is no over-standard phenomenon.Based on the investigation,this paper puts forward the existing water pollution channels in Hunan Province,such as agricultural fertilizer,animal manure,sewage irrigation,urban surface runoff,artificial aquaculture and so on.According to the different pollution sources of water eutrophication,the treatment methods have their own advantages and disadvantages.It is necessary to control the input of exogenous nutrients and reduce the load of endogenous nutrients in combination with local natural conditions and specific eutrophication conditions.Comprehensive measures should be implemented from various aspects.

关 键 词：富营养化 钼酸铵分光光度法 纳氏试剂分光光度法 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]