传统仪式类遗产保护研究  

Research on Protection of Traditional Ritual Heritage

作　　者：苑利[1] 顾军[2] YUAN Li;GU Jun(Chinese Academy of Arts,Beijing 100029;School of Applied Arts and Sciences,Beijing United University,Beijing 100101)

机构地区：[1]中国艺术研究院,北京100029 [2]北京联合大学应用文理学院,北京100101

出　　处：《中央民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第5期151-159,共9页Journal of Minzu University of China(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学艺术学基金项目“非物质文化遗产传承与保护规律研究”(项目编号:07BA12)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：从功能上看,传统仪式大致可分为“为解决人与人之关系而产生的仪式”和“为解决人与自然之关系而产生的仪式”两个大类。在许多人看来,传统仪式似乎包含一些“迷信”内容,但实际上,传统仪式在构建和谐社会、建设环境友好型社会和传承人类文明方面一直发挥着重要作用。要想保护好这类非物质文化遗产,一定要抓住重点,重点保护好那些与传统仪式类遗产息息相关的食品制作技术、仪式用装制作技术、仪式装饰装潢技术以及文学艺术,特别是其中富含的民族精神与传统美德。从田野实践看,当前对传统仪式类遗产的认识还存在许多误区,例如人们经常误将“仪式”当“迷信”,误将“信仰”当“非遗”,误将“配角”当“主角”以及误将“现产”当“遗产”等问题,这些问题不解决,传统仪式类遗产保护就很难进入通途。In terms of function, traditional rituals can be roughly divided into two categories: “rituals to solve relationship between humans” and “rituals to settle down relationship between human and nature”. To many people, traditional rituals seem to contain some “superstitious” content, but in fact, traditional rituals have always played an important role in building harmonious society, building an environmentally friendly society and inheriting human civilization.In order to effectively protect this intangible cultural heritage, we must focus on a few aspects, such as preserving food production technology, ritual decoration technology and literature and art that are closely related to the traditional ritual heritage, especially the rich ethnic spirit and traditional virtues involved. From the perspective of field practice, there are still many misunderstandings in the current understanding of traditional ritual heritage. For example, people often mistake “ritual” as “superstition”, “belief” as “intangible cultural heritage”, “supporting role” as “protagonist” and “present property” as “heritage property”. Without solving these problems, the protection of traditional ritual heritage is difficult to be fulfilled smoothly, so the first requirement for the protection of traditional ritual heritage is “to keep its intact”.

关 键 词：传统仪式 非物质文化遗产 意义 价值 保护 问题 

分 类 号：G122[文化科学] K892.2[历史地理—民俗学]