炸药摩擦感度研究进展和趋势  

Research progress and trends in friction sensitivity of explosives

作　　者：张为鹏[1] 黄亚峰[1] 金朋刚[1] 郭惠丽[1] Zhang Weipeng;Huang Yafeng;Jin Penggang;Guo Huili(Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi'an710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《化学推进剂与高分子材料》2022年第5期9-16,共8页Chemical Propellants & Polymeric Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21805223)。

摘　　要：根据近年来国内外最新文献探讨了炸药摩擦感度的影响因素。文献结果显示:摩擦感度既与炸药粒度有关,也与晶体形态有关。对于类似于球形的单质炸药,粒度越小,摩擦感度越低,而孔隙率高的炸药,摩擦感度较高。采用可充分包覆的包覆剂(如蜡、高分子材料),以及可增加导热性或润滑性的助剂可有效降低炸药的摩擦感度;共晶有利于降低炸药的摩擦感度,共晶材料常常比2种原材料的摩擦感度都低。新型测试装置的研发和测试方法的改进具有一定的参考价值,值得进一步深入研究。According to the latest literature at home and abroad in recent years,the factors influencing the sensitivity to friction of explosives are explored.The results of the literature show that the friction sensitivity is related to both the particle size and the crystal morphology of the explosive.For the sphere-like single-compound explosives,the friction sensitivity decreases with the decrease of particle size,while the explosives with high porosity have higher friction sensitivity.The use of fully encapsulated coating agents(such as wax,polymer materials)as well as auxiliaries that increase thermal conductivity or lubricity can effectively reduce the friction sensitivity of explosives.Eutectic is conducive to reducing the friction sensitivity of explosives,and eutectic materials often have a lower friction sensitivity than both of the two raw materials.The development of novel testing devices and the improvement of testing methods have certain reference value,and are worthy of further in-depth investigation.

关 键 词：炸药 摩擦感度 点火机制 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ56[化学工程—炸药化工]