2011—2020年成都某哨点医院5岁以下病毒性腹泻患儿A组轮状病毒病原学特征分析  

Etiological study on group a rotavirus infection among infants with viral diarrhea in a sentinel hospital in Chengdu from 2011 to 2020

作　　者：马小珍[1] 任敏[1] 廖雪春[1] 曹冉冉[1] MA Xiao-zhen;REN Min;LIAO Xue-chun;CAO Ran-ran(Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,成都610041

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2022年第9期1256-1260,共5页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(项目编号:2017ZX10103010-006)。

摘　　要：目的了解2011—2020年成都某哨点医院腹泻患儿A组轮状病毒(group A rotavirus,RVA)的病原学特征,为有效控制轮状病毒的流行以及疫苗的研发提供依据。方法采集成都某哨点医院2011—2020年感染性腹泻患儿粪便样本2520份,用ELISA方法检测轮状病毒抗原,对阳性样本用RT-PCR法进行G、P分型鉴定,采用SPSS 20.0软件进行χ^(2)检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2520份样本中检出A组轮状病毒阳性样本534份,阳性率为21.19%。其中男性患儿RVA阳性检出率为21.67%(340/1569),女性患儿RVA阳性检出率为20.40%(194/951),男女性别间阳性率差异无统计学意义。RVA检出率呈现随着年龄先增加后下降的趋势,其中12~17月龄组检出率为33.22%(200/602)。每年的11月至次年4月为RVA感染高峰。RVA分型结果显示,多种轮状病毒G血清型和P血清型被检出,自2012年起以G9P[8]为流行株。结论RVA是成都某哨点医院5岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻的主要病原体,G9P[8]为优势流行株。Objective To investigate the etiological characteristics of group A rotavirus(RVA)in children with viral diarrhea in a sentinel hospital in Chengdu from 2011 to 2020,and to provide basis for controlling rotavirus epidemic effectively and vaccine development.Methods A total of 2520 stool samples were collected from children with infectious diarrhea from 2011 to 2020.The RVA antigens were detected by ELISA method,and the positive samples were classified by RT-PCR for serotype G and serotype P.Chi-square test was used by SPSS 20.0 software,differences P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results Among 2520 samples,534 samples were positive for RVA,and the positive rate was 21.19%.The positive rate of RVA was 21.67%(340/1569)in boys and 20.40%(194/951)in girls,and there was no statistical difference between male and female children.The RVA positive rate firstly increased and then decreased with age,and the positive rate of the 12~<18 month group was 33.22%(200/602).The peak of RVA infection occurs from November to April.RVA typing results showed that a variety of rotavirus serotypes G and P were detected,and G9P[8]was the epidemic strain since 2012.Conclusions RVA is an important pathogen of viral diarrhea in children under 5 years old in a sentinel hospital in Chengdu area,and G9P[8]is the dominant epidemic strain.

关 键 词：轮状病毒 腹泻 基因分型 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科]