2011—2020年延安市外环境禽流感病毒监测分析  

Surveillance and analysis of avian influenza virus external environment of Yan′an City from 2011 to 2020

作　　者：刘玮[1] 贺莉[1] 石英 白跳 马园 贺江[1] 纪建军[1] LIU Wei;HE Li;SHI Ying;BAI Tiao;MA Yuan;HE Jiang;JI Jian-jun(Yan'an City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yan'an 716000,Shanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]延安市疾病预防控制中心,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2022年第9期1271-1275,共5页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的了解延安市外环境中禽流感病毒的分布和流行特征,为今后本地区人感染禽流感的预防控制提供科学依据。方法采集2011-05/2020-12延安市的家禽定点屠宰厂、家禽规模养殖场、家禽散养户和城乡活禽市场的外环境禽流感样本,采用实时荧光定量分析法对样本进行病毒核酸检测,并使用WPS 2019软件和SPSS 17.0软件对数据进行描述和分析,多组间率的比较采用χ^(2)检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2011-05/2020-12共采集外环境禽流感样本1336份,检出甲型(A型)流感病毒阳性样本92份,阳性率为6.89%,其中H5型占比最高,为56.52%,其次为H9型和H7型,占22.83%和13.04%,其他亚型占7.61%。不同年份、季度、监测场所和样本类型的阳性率差异均有统计学意义。结论延安市外环境中广泛存在H5、H7、H9和其他亚型的禽流感病毒,其中家禽定点屠宰厂是人感染禽流感的高风险场所,污染高峰期为第一、第二季度。Objective To understand the distribution and epidemic characteristics of avian influenza virus in the environment outside Yan′an city,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of human infection with avian influenza in the future.Methods Avian influenza samples from external environment were collected from designated poultry slaughterhouses,large-scale poultry farms,free-range poultry households and live poultry markets in Yan′an city from May 2011 to December 2020.Real-time fluorescence quantitative analysis was used to detect the nucleic acid of the samples.WPS 2019 and SPSS 17.0 software were used to describe and analyze the data.χ^(2)test was used to compare the rates between groups.The differences P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results A total of 1336 environmental avian influenza samples were collected from May 2011 to December 2020,and 92 positive samples of influenza A(type A)virus were detected,with the positive rate of 6.89%.H5 type was accounted for the highest proportion of 56.52%,then followed by H9 and H7,accounted for 22.83%and 13.04%.Other subtypes accounted for 7.61%.There were significant differences in positive rate among different years,seasons,monitoring sites and sample types.Conclusions H5,H7,H9 and other subtypes of avian influenza viruses are widely distributed in the external environment of Yan’an city.The designated poultry slaughterhouses are the high-risk sites of human infection with avian influenza,and the peak of contamination is in the first and second quarters.

关 键 词：禽流感 外环境 监测 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]