美国小麦中麦类壳多胞斑点病菌的检疫鉴定  

Identification of Parastagonospora pseudonodorum on imported wheat from USA

作　　者：刘宵宵 仲建忠 李萍 江宏 王颖 Liu Xiaoxiao;Zhong Jianzhong;Li Ping;Jiang Hong;Wang Ying(Shenzhen Customs District,Shenzhen 518045,China;Shenzhen Scientific Academy of Inspection and Quarantine)

机构地区：[1]深圳海关,广东深圳518045 [2]深圳市检验检疫科学研究院

出　　处：《植物检疫》2022年第5期41-45,共5页Plant Quarantine

基　　金：深圳海关科研项目(2020SZHK002)。

摘　　要：从进口美国小麦中分离纯化到一株分离物4072-62,通过形态学特征观察、ITS序列分析和致病性测定,对其进行了鉴定。结果表明,该菌在PDA培养基上气生菌丝发达,呈白色絮状,后期变粉红色,菌落中央明黄色;分生孢子器和假囊壳单生或聚生,球形至椭圆形,黄褐色至深褐色。分生孢子圆柱形,直或稍弯,两端钝圆,无色,大多有隔膜,大小23~44μm×2.6~3.5μm。子囊棒状,直或稍弯,无色透明,大小37~79μm×9~11μm,内含8个子囊孢子。子囊孢子梭形,多数具有3个隔膜,隔膜处明显缢缩,淡黄色至黄褐色,大小19~24μm×4~6μm。该分离物的ITS序列与GenBank中多个麦类壳多胞斑点病菌(Parastagonospora pseudonodorum)(登录号AY196988、MZ049620等)的序列相似性为100%。基于ITS序列构建的系统发育树显示菌株4072-62与麦类壳多胞斑点病菌聚在同一个分支(Bootstrap值为66),亲缘关系最近。菌株4072-62接种小麦,出现叶斑、叶枯等典型症状,对病菌再分离可重新分离到该病菌。以上结果表明,该菌株为麦类壳多胞斑点病菌。此为深圳口岸首次从美国进口小麦中截获该植物检疫性菌物。The isolate 4072-62 was isolated from imported US wheat in Shenzhen port. Morphological characteristics observation,sequence analysis and pathogenicity assay were conducted. The results showed that the aerial hyphae of this strain were developed on PDA medium,with white flocculent shape,turning pink in the later stage and bright yellow in the center of the colony. Conidiomata pycnidial and ascomata perithecial is scattered or gregarious,globose or subglobose,brown to dark brown. Conidia are cylindrical,straight or slightly curved,obtuse at the apexs,obtuse to truncate at the bases,hyaline,septate mostly,23-44 μm×2.6-3.5 μm. Asci is cylindrical to clavate,straight or slightly curved,hyaline,37-79 μm×9-11 μm,8 spored. Ascospores is fusoid,3 septate,constricted at the septum,pale yellow to yellowish brown,19-24 μm ×4-6 μm. ITS sequence of the isolate showed 100% identity with some of Parastagonospora pseudonodorum(Accession No. AY196988,MZ049620,etc.) in GenBank. Phylogenetic tree based on the ITS sequences showed the isolate 4072-62 was clustered closely with P. pseudonodorum(bootstrap value,66),with the closest genetic relationship. Typical symptoms such as leaf spot and leaf blight appeared after artificial inoculation of wheat,and the pathogenetic fungi was isolated again. Based on the above experiment results,the isolate 4072-62 was identified as P. pseudonodorum. This is the first time that Shenzhen port intercepted this plant quarantine fungus from imported wheat from the United States.

关 键 词：麦类壳多胞斑点病菌 形态特征 分子生物学 致病性测定 鉴定 

分 类 号：S41[农业科学—植物保护]